Tripiṭaka Saṅgītisutta
Reciting in Concert
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ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā mallesu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi yena pāvā nāma mallānaṁ nagaraṁ tadavasari.
At one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Mallas together with a large Saṅgha of five hundred mendicants when he arrived at a Mallian town named Pāvā.
Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā pāvāyaṁ viharati cundassa kammāraputtassa ambavane.
There he stayed in Cunda the smith’s mango grove.
Tena kho pana samayena pāveyyakānaṁ mallānaṁ ubbhatakaṁ nāma navaṁ sandhāgāraṁ acirakāritaṁ hoti anajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā kenaci vā manussabhūtena.
Now at that time a new town hall named Ubbhaṭaka had recently been constructed for the Mallas of Pāvā. It had not yet been occupied by an ascetic or brahmin or any human at all.
Assosuṁ kho pāveyyakā mallā: “bhagavā kira mallesu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi pāvaṁ anuppatto pāvāyaṁ viharati cundassa kammāraputtassa ambavane”ti.
The Mallas of Pāvā also heard that the Buddha had arrived and was staying in Cunda’s mango grove.
Atha kho pāveyyakā mallā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho pāveyyakā mallā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:
Then they went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,
“idha, bhante, pāveyyakānaṁ mallānaṁ ubbhatakaṁ nāma navaṁ sandhāgāraṁ acirakāritaṁ hoti anajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā kenaci vā manussabhūtena.
“Sir, a new town hall named Ubbhaṭaka has recently been constructed for the Mallas of Pāvā. It has not yet been occupied by an ascetic or brahmin or any human at all.
Tañca kho, bhante, bhagavā paṭhamaṁ paribhuñjatu, bhagavatā paṭhamaṁ paribhuttaṁ pacchā pāveyyakā mallā paribhuñjissanti.
May the Buddha be the first to use it, and only then will the Mallas of Pāvā use it.
Tadassa pāveyyakānaṁ mallānaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāyā”ti.
That would be for the lasting welfare and happiness of the Mallas of Pāvā.”
Atha kho pāveyyakā mallā bhagavato adhivāsanaṁ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā yena sandhāgāraṁ tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā sabbasanthariṁ sandhāgāraṁ santharitvā bhagavato āsanāni paññāpetvā udakamaṇikaṁ patiṭṭhapetvā telapadīpaṁ āropetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu;
Then, knowing that the Buddha had consented, the Mallas got up from their seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on their right. Then they went to the new town hall, where they spread carpets all over, prepared seats, set up a water jar, and placed an oil lamp. Then they went back to the Buddha,
Ekamantaṁ ṭhitā kho te pāveyyakā mallā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:
and told him of their preparations, saying,
“sabbasantharisanthataṁ, bhante, sandhāgāraṁ, bhagavato āsanāni paññattāni, udakamaṇiko patiṭṭhāpito, telapadīpo āropito.
Atha kho bhagavā nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghena yena sandhāgāraṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā pāde pakkhāletvā sandhāgāraṁ pavisitvā majjhimaṁ thambhaṁ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi.
Then the Buddha robed up and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the new town hall together with the Saṅgha of mendicants. Having washed his feet he entered the town hall and sat against the central column facing east.
Bhikkhusaṅghopi kho pāde pakkhāletvā sandhāgāraṁ pavisitvā pacchimaṁ bhittiṁ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi bhagavantaṁyeva purakkhatvā.
The Saṅgha of mendicants also washed their feet, entered the town hall, and sat against the west wall facing east, with the Buddha right in front of them.
Pāveyyakāpi kho mallā pāde pakkhāletvā sandhāgāraṁ pavisitvā puratthimaṁ bhittiṁ nissāya pacchimābhimukhā nisīdiṁsu bhagavantaṁyeva purakkhatvā.
The Mallas of Pāvā also washed their feet, entered the town hall, and sat against the east wall facing west, with the Buddha right in front of them.
Atha kho bhagavā pāveyyake malle bahudeva rattiṁ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṁsetvā uyyojesi:
The Buddha spent much of the night educating, encouraging, firing up, and inspiring the Mallas with a Dhamma talk. Then he sent them off,
“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho pāveyyakā mallā bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkamiṁsu.
“Yes, sir,” replied the Mallas. They got up from their seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on their right, before leaving.
Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkantesu pāveyyakesu mallesu tuṇhībhūtaṁ tuṇhībhūtaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ anuviloketvā āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ āmantesi:
Soon after they left, the Buddha looked around the Saṅgha of mendicants, who were so very silent. He addressed Venerable Sāriputta,
“vigatathinamiddho kho, sāriputta, bhikkhusaṅgho.
“Sāriputta, the Saṅgha of mendicants is rid of dullness and drowsiness.
Paṭibhātu taṁ, sāriputta, bhikkhūnaṁ dhammīkathā.
Give them some Dhamma talk as you feel inspired.
Atha kho bhagavā catugguṇaṁ saṅghāṭiṁ paññāpetvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṁ kappesi pāde pādaṁ accādhāya, sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṁ manasi karitvā.
And then the Buddha spread out his outer robe folded in four and laid down in the lion’s posture—on the right side, placing one foot on top of the other—mindful and aware, and focused on the time of getting up.
Tena kho pana samayena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto pāvāyaṁ adhunākālaṅkato hoti.
Now at that time the Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan had recently passed away at Pāvā.
Tassa kālaṅkiriyāya bhinnā nigaṇṭhā dvedhikajātā bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṁ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti:
With his passing the Jain ascetics split, dividing into two factions, fighting, quarreling, and disputing, continually wounding each other with barbed words:
“na tvaṁ imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ ājānāsi, ahaṁ imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ ājānāmi, kiṁ tvaṁ imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ ājānissasi. Micchāpaṭipanno tvamasi, ahamasmi sammāpaṭipanno. Sahitaṁ me, asahitaṁ te. Purevacanīyaṁ pacchā avaca, pacchāvacanīyaṁ pure avaca. Adhiciṇṇaṁ te viparāvattaṁ, āropito te vādo, niggahito tvamasi, cara vādappamokkhāya, nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī”ti.
“You don’t understand this teaching and training. I understand this teaching and training. What, you understand this teaching and training? You’re practicing wrong. I’m practicing right. I stay on topic, you don’t. You said last what you should have said first. You said first what you should have said last. What you’ve thought so much about has been disproved. Your doctrine is refuted. Go on, save your doctrine! You’re trapped; get yourself out of this—if you can!”
Vadhoyeva kho maññe nigaṇṭhesu nāṭaputtiyesu vattati.
You’d think there was nothing but slaughter going on among the Jain ascetics.
Yepi nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa sāvakā gihī odātavasanā, tepi nigaṇṭhesu nāṭaputtiyesu nibbinnarūpā virattarūpā paṭivānarūpā, yathā taṁ durakkhāte dhammavinaye duppavedite aniyyānike anupasamasaṁvattanike asammāsambuddhappavedite bhinnathūpe appaṭisaraṇe.
And the Jain Ñātika’s white-clothed lay disciples were disillusioned, dismayed, and disappointed in the Jain ascetics. They were equally disappointed with a teaching and training so poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha, with broken monument and without a refuge.
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi:
Then Sāriputta told the mendicants about these things. He went on to say,
“nigaṇṭho, āvuso, nāṭaputto pāvāyaṁ adhunākālaṅkato,
tassa kālaṅkiriyāya bhinnā nigaṇṭhā dvedhikajātā …pe… bhinnathūpe appaṭisaraṇe.
Evañhetaṁ, āvuso, hoti durakkhāte dhammavinaye duppavedite aniyyānike anupasamasaṁvattanike asammāsambuddhappavedite.
“That’s what happens, reverends, when a teaching and training is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.
Ayaṁ kho panāvuso, amhākaṁ bhagavatā dhammo svākkhāto suppavedito niyyāniko upasamasaṁvattaniko sammāsambuddhappavedito.
But this teaching is well explained and well propounded to us by the Blessed One, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ, na vivaditabbaṁ, yathayidaṁ brahmacariyaṁ addhaniyaṁ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṁ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite this in concert, without disputing, so that this spiritual path may last for a long time. That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.
Katamo cāvuso, amhākaṁ bhagavatā dhammo svākkhāto suppavedito niyyāniko upasamasaṁvattaniko sammāsambuddhappavedito;
And what is that teaching?
yattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ, na vivaditabbaṁ, yathayidaṁ brahmacariyaṁ addhaniyaṁ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṁ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ?
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena eko dhammo sammadakkhāto.
There are teachings grouped by one that have been rightly explained by the Blessed One, who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ, na vivaditabbaṁ, yathayidaṁ brahmacariyaṁ addhaniyaṁ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṁ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert, without disputing, so that this spiritual path may last for a long time. That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.
Ayaṁ kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena eko dhammo sammadakkhāto.
These are the teachings grouped by one that have been rightly explained by the Blessed One, who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ, na vivaditabbaṁ, yathayidaṁ brahmacariyaṁ addhaniyaṁ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṁ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert, without disputing, so that this spiritual path may last for a long time. That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dve dhammā sammadakkhātā.
There are teachings grouped by two that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ, na vivaditabbaṁ, yathayidaṁ brahmacariyaṁ addhaniyaṁ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṁ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Āpattikusalatā ca āpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā ca.
Skill in offenses and skill in resolving offenses.
Samāpattikusalatā ca samāpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā ca.
Skill in meditative attainments and skill in emerging from those attainments.
Dhātukusalatā ca manasikārakusalatā ca.
Skill in the elements and skill in application of mind.
Āyatanakusalatā ca paṭiccasamuppādakusalatā ca.
Skill in the sense fields and skill in dependent origination.
Ṭhānakusalatā ca aṭṭhānakusalatā ca.
Skill in what is possible and skill in what is impossible.
Indriyesu aguttadvāratā ca bhojane amattaññutā ca.
Not guarding the sense doors and eating too much.
Indriyesu guttadvāratā ca bhojane mattaññutā ca.
Guarding the sense doors and moderation in eating.
Diṭṭhivisuddhi kho pana yathā diṭṭhissa ca padhānaṁ.
Purification of view and making an effort in line with that view.
Saṁvego ca saṁvejanīyesu ṭhānesu saṁviggassa ca yoniso padhānaṁ.
Inspiration, and making a suitable effort when inspired by inspiring places.
Asantuṭṭhitā ca kusalesu dhammesu appaṭivānitā ca padhānasmiṁ.
To never be content with skillful qualities, and to never stop trying.
Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dve dhammā sammadakkhātā.
These are the teachings grouped by two that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ, na vivaditabbaṁ, yathayidaṁ brahmacariyaṁ addhaniyaṁ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṁ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tayo dhammā sammadakkhātā.
There are teachings grouped by three that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
alobho kusalamūlaṁ, adoso kusalamūlaṁ, amoho kusalamūlaṁ.
contentment, love, and understanding.
nekkhammavitakko, abyāpādavitakko, avihiṁsāvitakko.
renunciation, good will, and harmlessness.
nekkhammasaṅkappo, abyāpādasaṅkappo, avihiṁsāsaṅkappo.
renunciation, good will, and harmlessness.
kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā.
for sensual pleasures, for existence, and for nonexistence.
sakkāyadiṭṭhi, vicikicchā, sīlabbataparāmāso.
substantialist view, doubt, and misapprehension of precepts and observances.
kāmesanā, bhavesanā, brahmacariyesanā.
for sensual pleasures, for continued existence, and for a spiritual path.
seyyohamasmīti vidhā, sadisohamasmīti vidhā, hīnohamasmīti vidhā.
‘I’m better’, ‘I’m equal’, and ‘I’m worse’.
sakkāyo anto, sakkāyasamudayo anto, sakkāyanirodho anto.
substantial reality, the origin of substantial reality, and the cessation of substantial reality.
dukkhadukkhatā, saṅkhāradukkhatā, vipariṇāmadukkhatā.
the suffering inherent in painful feeling, the suffering inherent in conditions, and the suffering inherent in perishing.
micchattaniyato rāsi, sammattaniyato rāsi, aniyato rāsi.
the heap of surety in the wrong way, the heap of surety in the right way, and the heap of lack of surety.
atītaṁ vā addhānaṁ ārabbha kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, anāgataṁ vā addhānaṁ ārabbha kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, etarahi vā paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ ārabbha kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati.
one is doubtful, uncertain, undecided, and lacking confidence about the past, future, and present.
parisuddhakāyasamācāro āvuso tathāgato, natthi tathāgatassa kāyaduccaritaṁ, yaṁ tathāgato rakkheyya:
The Realized One’s behavior by way of body, speech, and mind is pure. He has no misconduct in these three ways that need be hidden, thinking:
Parisuddhavacīsamācāro āvuso, tathāgato, natthi tathāgatassa vacīduccaritaṁ, yaṁ tathāgato rakkheyya:
‘mā me idaṁ paro aññāsī’ti.
Parisuddhamanosamācāro, āvuso, tathāgato, natthi tathāgatassa manoduccaritaṁ yaṁ tathāgato rakkheyya:
‘mā me idaṁ paro aññāsī’ti.
āhuneyyaggi, gahapataggi, dakkhiṇeyyaggi.
a fire for those worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, a fire for householders, and a fire for those worthy of a religious donation.
sanidassanasappaṭighaṁ rūpaṁ, anidassanasappaṭighaṁ rūpaṁ, anidassanaappaṭighaṁ rūpaṁ.
visible and resistant, invisible and resistant, and invisible and non-resistant.
puññābhisaṅkhāro, apuññābhisaṅkhāro, āneñjābhisaṅkhāro.
good choices, bad choices, and imperturbable choices.
sekkho puggalo, asekkho puggalo, nevasekkho nāsekkho puggalo.
a trainee, an adept, and one who is neither a trainee nor an adept.
jātithero, dhammathero, sammutithero.
a senior by birth, a senior in the teaching, and a senior by convention.
dānamayaṁ puññakiriyavatthu, sīlamayaṁ puññakiriyavatthu, bhāvanāmayaṁ puññakiriyavatthu.
giving, ethical conduct, and meditation.
santāvuso sattā paccupaṭṭhitakāmā, te paccupaṭṭhitesu kāmesu vasaṁ vattenti, seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā.
There are sentient beings who desire what is present. They fall under the sway of presently arisen sensual pleasures. Namely, humans, some gods, and some beings in the underworld.
Santāvuso, sattā nimmitakāmā, te nimminitvā nimminitvā kāmesu vasaṁ vattenti, seyyathāpi devā nimmānaratī.
There are sentient beings who desire to create. Having repeatedly created, they fall under the sway of sensual pleasures. Namely, the gods who love to create.
Santāvuso sattā paranimmitakāmā, te paranimmitesu kāmesu vasaṁ vattenti, seyyathāpi devā paranimmitavasavattī.
There are sentient beings who desire what is created by others. They fall under the sway of sensual pleasures created by others. Namely, the gods who control what is created by others.
santāvuso sattā uppādetvā uppādetvā sukhaṁ viharanti, seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā.
There are sentient beings who, having repeatedly given rise to it, dwell in pleasure. Namely, the gods of the Divinity’s host.
Santāvuso, sattā sukhena abhisannā parisannā paripūrā paripphuṭā.
There are sentient beings who are drenched, steeped, filled, and soaked with pleasure.
‘aho sukhaṁ, aho sukhan’ti, seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā.
‘Oh, what bliss! Oh, what bliss!’ Namely, the gods of streaming radiance.
Santāvuso, sattā sukhena abhisannā parisannā paripūrā paripphuṭā.
There are sentient beings who are drenched, steeped, filled, and soaked with pleasure.
Te santaṁyeva tusitā sukhaṁ paṭisaṁvedenti, seyyathāpi devā subhakiṇhā.
Since they’re truly content, they experience pleasure. Namely, the gods of universal beauty.
sekkhā paññā, asekkhā paññā, nevasekkhānāsekkhā paññā.
the wisdom of a trainee, the wisdom of an adept, and the wisdom of one who is neither a trainee nor an adept.
cintāmayā paññā, sutamayā paññā, bhāvanāmayā paññā.
wisdom produced by thought, learning, and meditation.
anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṁ, aññindriyaṁ, aññātāvindriyaṁ.
the faculty of understanding that enlightenment is imminent, the faculty of enlightenment, and the faculty of one who is enlightened.
maṁsacakkhu, dibbacakkhu, paññācakkhu.
the eye of the flesh, the eye of clairvoyance, and the eye of wisdom.
adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā, adhipaññāsikkhā.
in higher ethics, higher mind, and higher wisdom.
kāyabhāvanā, cittabhāvanā, paññābhāvanā.
the development of physical endurance, the development of the mind, and the development of wisdom.
dassanānuttariyaṁ, paṭipadānuttariyaṁ, vimuttānuttariyaṁ.
unsurpassable seeing, practice, and freedom.
savitakkasavicāro samādhi, avitakkavicāramatto samādhi, avitakkaavicāro samādhi.
Immersion with placing the mind and keeping it connected. Immersion without placing the mind, merely keeping it connected. Immersion without placing the mind or keeping it connected.
suññato samādhi, animitto samādhi, appaṇihito samādhi.
emptiness, signless, and undirected.
āyakosallaṁ, apāyakosallaṁ, upāyakosallaṁ.
skill in progress, skill in regress, and skill in means.
ārogyamado, yobbanamado, jīvitamado.
the vanity of health, the vanity of youth, and the vanity of life.
attādhipateyyaṁ, lokādhipateyyaṁ, dhammādhipateyyaṁ.
putting oneself, the world, or the teaching in charge.
etarahi vā paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ ārabbha kathaṁ katheyya:
Or you might discuss the present:
pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṁ vijjā, sattānaṁ cutūpapāteñāṇaṁ vijjā, āsavānaṁ khayeñāṇaṁ vijjā.
recollection of past lives, knowledge of the death and rebirth of sentient beings, and knowledge of the ending of defilements.
dibbo vihāro, brahmā vihāro, ariyo vihāro.
the heavenly meditation, the divine meditation, and the noble meditation.
iddhipāṭihāriyaṁ, ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṁ, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṁ.
The demonstration of psychic power, the demonstration of revealing, and the demonstration of instruction.
Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tayo dhammā sammadakkhātā.
These are the teachings grouped by three that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro dhammā sammadakkhātā.
There are teachings grouped by four that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ, na vivaditabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ.
It’s when a mendicant meditates by observing an aspect of the body—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world.
dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ.
principles—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu anuppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ anuppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.
A mendicant generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that bad, unskillful qualities don’t arise.
Uppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.
They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen are given up.
Anuppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ uppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.
They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities arise.
Uppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.
They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities that have arisen remain, are not lost, but increase, mature, and are completed by development.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.
A mendicant develops the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to enthusiasm, and active effort.
Cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.
They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to mental development, and active effort.
Vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.
They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to energy, and active effort.
Vīmaṁsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.
They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to inquiry, and active effort.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
A mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.
Vitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā ajjhattaṁ sampasādanaṁ cetaso ekodibhāvaṁ avitakkaṁ avicāraṁ samādhijaṁ pītisukhaṁ dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
As the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, they enter and remain in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected.
Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṁvedeti, yaṁ taṁ ariyā ācikkhanti: ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
And with the fading away of rapture, they enter and remain in the third absorption, where they meditate with equanimity, mindful and aware, personally experiencing the bliss of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and mindful, one meditates in bliss.’
Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā, pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṁ atthaṅgamā, adukkhamasukhaṁ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṁ catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
With the giving up of pleasure and pain and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, they enter and remain in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness.
Atthāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṁvattati.
There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to blissful meditation in this life.
Atthāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanapaṭilābhāya saṁvattati.
There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision.
Atthāvuso samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṁvattati.
There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to mindfulness and awareness.
Atthāvuso samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṁ khayāya saṁvattati.
There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to the ending of defilements.
Katamā cāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṁvattati?
And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to blissful meditation in this life?
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ …
It’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption …
Ayaṁ, āvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṁvattati.
This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to blissful meditation in this life.
Katamā cāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanapaṭilābhāya saṁvattati?
And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision?
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ālokasaññaṁ manasi karoti, divāsaññaṁ adhiṭṭhāti yathā divā tathā rattiṁ, yathā rattiṁ tathā divā.
A mendicant applies their mind to the perception of light, focusing on the perception of day regardless of whether it’s night or day.
Iti vivaṭena cetasā apariyonaddhena sappabhāsaṁ cittaṁ bhāveti.
And so, with an open and unenveloped heart, they develop a mind that’s full of radiance.
Ayaṁ, āvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanapaṭilābhāya saṁvattati.
This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision.
Katamā cāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṁvattati?
And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to mindfulness and awareness?
Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno viditā vedanā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṁ gacchanti.
A mendicant knows feelings as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away.
Viditā saññā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṁ gacchanti.
They know perceptions as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away.
Viditā vitakkā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṁ gacchanti.
They know thoughts as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away.
Ayaṁ, āvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṁvattati.
This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to mindfulness and awareness.
Katamā cāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṁ khayāya saṁvattati?
And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to the ending of defilements?
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati.
A mendicant meditates observing rise and fall in the five grasping aggregates.
Iti rūpaṁ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo.
‘Such is form, such is the origin of form, such is the ending of form.
iti viññāṇaṁ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo.
consciousness, such is the origin of consciousness, such is the ending of consciousness.’
Ayaṁ, āvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṁ khayāya saṁvattati.
This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to the ending of defilements.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṁ disaṁ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṁ. Tathā tatiyaṁ. Tathā catutthaṁ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṁ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṁ lokaṁ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati.
A mendicant meditates spreading a heart full of love to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of love to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.
upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṁ disaṁ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṁ. Tathā tatiyaṁ. Tathā catutthaṁ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṁ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṁ lokaṁ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati.
equanimity to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of equanimity to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṁ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṁ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṁ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
A mendicant, going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite space.
Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘anantaṁ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite consciousness.
Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, they enter and remain in the dimension of nothingness.
Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of nothingness, they enter and remain in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu saṅkhāyekaṁ paṭisevati, saṅkhāyekaṁ adhivāseti, saṅkhāyekaṁ parivajjeti, saṅkhāyekaṁ vinodeti.
After appraisal, a mendicant uses some things, endures some things, avoids some things, and gets rid of some things.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena cīvarena, itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, na ca cīvarahetu anesanaṁ appatirūpaṁ āpajjati; aladdhā ca cīvaraṁ na paritassati, laddhā ca cīvaraṁ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati; tāya ca pana itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā nevattānukkaṁseti na paraṁ vambheti.
A mendicant is content with any kind of robe, and praises such contentment. They don’t employ improper solicitation for the sake of a robe. They don’t worry if they don’t get a robe. And if they do get a robe, they use it untied, uninfatuated, unattached, seeing the drawback, and understanding the escape. And on account of that they don’t glorify themselves or put others down.
Yo hi tattha dakkho analaso sampajāno paṭissato, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘bhikkhu porāṇe aggaññe ariyavaṁse ṭhito’.
A mendicant who is deft, tireless, aware, and mindful in this is said to stand in the ancient, primordial noble tradition.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena piṇḍapātena, itarītarapiṇḍapātasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, na ca piṇḍapātahetu anesanaṁ appatirūpaṁ āpajjati; aladdhā ca piṇḍapātaṁ na paritassati, laddhā ca piṇḍapātaṁ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati; tāya ca pana itarītarapiṇḍapātasantuṭṭhiyā nevattānukkaṁseti na paraṁ vambheti.
Furthermore, a mendicant is content with any kind of almsfood …
Yo hi tattha dakkho analaso sampajāno paṭissato, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘bhikkhu porāṇe aggaññe ariyavaṁse ṭhito’.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena senāsanena, itarītarasenāsanasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, na ca senāsanahetu anesanaṁ appatirūpaṁ āpajjati; aladdhā ca senāsanaṁ na paritassati, laddhā ca senāsanaṁ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati; tāya ca pana itarītarasenāsanasantuṭṭhiyā nevattānukkaṁseti na paraṁ vambheti.
Furthermore, a mendicant is content with any kind of lodgings …
Yo hi tattha dakkho analaso sampajāno paṭissato, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘bhikkhu porāṇe aggaññe ariyavaṁse ṭhito’.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu pahānārāmo hoti pahānarato, bhāvanārāmo hoti bhāvanārato; tāya ca pana pahānārāmatāya pahānaratiyā bhāvanārāmatāya bhāvanāratiyā nevattānukkaṁseti na paraṁ vambheti.
Furthermore, a mendicant enjoys giving up and loves to give up. They enjoy meditation and love to meditate. But they don’t glorify themselves or put down others on account of their love for giving up and meditation.
Yo hi tattha dakkho analaso sampajāno paṭissato ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘bhikkhu porāṇe aggaññe ariyavaṁse ṭhito’.
A mendicant who is deft, tireless, aware, and mindful in this is said to stand in the ancient, primordial noble tradition.
Saṁvarapadhānaṁ pahānapadhānaṁ bhāvanāpadhānaṁ anurakkhaṇāpadhānaṁ.
The efforts to restrain, to give up, to develop, and to preserve.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī.
When a mendicant sees a sight with their eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ, cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint.
manasā dhammaṁ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī.
When they know an idea with their mind, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṁ, manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving its restraint.
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṁ kāmavitakkaṁ nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantiṁ karoti anabhāvaṁ gameti;
It’s when a mendicant doesn’t tolerate a sensual,
uppannaṁ vihiṁsāvitakkaṁ …pe…
or cruel thought that’s arisen, but gives it up, gets rid of it, eliminates it, and obliterates it.
uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantiṁ karoti anabhāvaṁ gameti.
They don’t tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen, but give them up, get rid of them, eliminate them, and obliterate them.
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganissitaṁ nirodhanissitaṁ vossaggapariṇāmiṁ,
It’s when a mendicant develops the awakening factors of mindfulness,
upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganissitaṁ nirodhanissitaṁ vossaggapariṇāmiṁ.
and equanimity, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu uppannaṁ bhadrakaṁ samādhinimittaṁ anurakkhati—aṭṭhikasaññaṁ, puḷuvakasaññaṁ, vinīlakasaññaṁ, vicchiddakasaññaṁ, uddhumātakasaññaṁ.
It’s when a mendicant preserves a meditation subject that’s a fine basis of immersion: the perception of a skeleton, a worm-infested corpse, a livid corpse, a split open corpse, or a bloated corpse.
dhamme ñāṇaṁ, anvaye ñāṇaṁ, pariye ñāṇaṁ, sammutiyā ñāṇaṁ.
knowledge of the teaching, inferential knowledge, knowledge of encompassing, and conventional knowledge.
dukkhe ñāṇaṁ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṁ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṁ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṁ.
knowing about suffering, the origin of suffering, the cessation of suffering, and the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.
sappurisasaṁsevo, saddhammassavanaṁ, yonisomanasikāro, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti.
associating with true persons, listening to the true teaching, rational application of mind, and practicing in line with the teaching.
Idhāvuso, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti:
A noble disciple has experiential confidence in the Buddha:
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho, bhagavā’ti.
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’
Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti:
They have experiential confidence in the teaching:
‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṁ veditabbo viññūhī’ti.
‘The teaching is well explained by the Buddha—apparent in the present life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves.’
‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho yadidaṁ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṁ puññakkhettaṁ lokassā’ti.
‘The Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is practicing the way that’s good, direct, systematic, and proper. It consists of the four pairs, the eight individual persons. This is the Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples that is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of greeting with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.’
Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṁvattanikehi.
And a noble disciple’s ethical conduct is loved by the noble ones, unbroken, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion.
sotāpattiphalaṁ, sakadāgāmiphalaṁ, anāgāmiphalaṁ, arahattaphalaṁ.
stream-entry, once-return, non-return, and perfection.
kabaḷīkāro āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā, phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṁ catutthaṁ.
edible food, whether solid or subtle; contact is the second, mental intention the third, and consciousness the fourth.
Rūpūpāyaṁ vā, āvuso, viññāṇaṁ tiṭṭhamānaṁ tiṭṭhati rūpārammaṇaṁ rūpappatiṭṭhaṁ nandūpasecanaṁ vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjati;
As long as consciousness continues, it gets involved with form, supported by form, established on form. And with a sprinkle of relishing, it grows, increases, and matures.
saṅkhārūpāyaṁ vā, āvuso, viññāṇaṁ tiṭṭhamānaṁ tiṭṭhati saṅkhārārammaṇaṁ saṅkhārappatiṭṭhaṁ nandūpasecanaṁ vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjati.
Or as long as consciousness continues, it gets involved with choices, supported by choices, established on choices. And with a sprinkle of relishing, it grows, increases, and matures.
chandāgatiṁ gacchati, dosāgatiṁ gacchati, mohāgatiṁ gacchati, bhayāgatiṁ gacchati.
making decisions prejudiced by favoritism, hostility, stupidity, and cowardice.
cīvarahetu vā, āvuso, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati;
Craving arises in a mendicant for the sake of robes,
itibhavābhavahetu vā, āvuso, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati.
or rebirth in this or that state.
dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā.
painful practice with slow insight, painful practice with swift insight, pleasant practice with slow insight, and pleasant practice with swift insight.
akkhamā paṭipadā, khamā paṭipadā, damā paṭipadā, samā paṭipadā.
impatient practice, patient practice, taming practice, and calming practice.
anabhijjhā dhammapadaṁ, abyāpādo dhammapadaṁ, sammāsati dhammapadaṁ, sammāsamādhi dhammapadaṁ.
contentment, good will, right mindfulness, and right immersion.
atthāvuso, dhammasamādānaṁ paccuppannadukkhañceva āyatiñca dukkhavipākaṁ.
There is a way of taking up practices that is painful now and results in future pain.
Atthāvuso, dhammasamādānaṁ paccuppannadukkhaṁ āyatiṁ sukhavipākaṁ.
There is a way of taking up practices that is painful now but results in future pleasure.
Atthāvuso, dhammasamādānaṁ paccuppannasukhaṁ āyatiṁ dukkhavipākaṁ.
There is a way of taking up practices that is pleasant now but results in future pain.
Atthāvuso, dhammasamādānaṁ paccuppannasukhañceva āyatiñca sukhavipākaṁ.
There is a way of taking up practices that is pleasant now and results in future pleasure.
sīlakkhandho, samādhikkhandho, paññākkhandho, vimuttikkhandho.
ethics, immersion, wisdom, and freedom.
vīriyabalaṁ, satibalaṁ, samādhibalaṁ, paññābalaṁ.
energy, mindfulness, immersion, and wisdom.
paññādhiṭṭhānaṁ, saccādhiṭṭhānaṁ, cāgādhiṭṭhānaṁ, upasamādhiṭṭhānaṁ.
the foundations of wisdom, truth, generosity, and peace.
ekaṁsabyākaraṇīyo pañho, paṭipucchābyākaraṇīyo pañho, vibhajjabyākaraṇīyo pañho, ṭhapanīyo pañho.
There is a question that should be answered categorically. There is a question that should be answered analytically. There is a question that should be answered with a counter-question. There is a question that should be set aside.
Atthāvuso, kammaṁ kaṇhasukkaṁ kaṇhasukkavipākaṁ.
There are deeds that are dark and bright with dark and bright result.
Atthāvuso, kammaṁ akaṇhaasukkaṁ akaṇhaasukkavipākaṁ kammakkhayāya saṁvattati.
There are neither dark nor bright deeds with neither dark nor bright results, which lead to the ending of deeds.
sattānaṁ cutūpapāto cakkhunā sacchikaraṇīyo;
The passing away and rebirth of sentient beings is to be realized with vision.
aṭṭha vimokkhā kāyena sacchikaraṇīyā;
The eight liberations are to be realized with direct meditative experience.
āsavānaṁ khayo paññāya sacchikaraṇīyo.
The ending of defilements is to be realized with wisdom.
kāmogho, bhavogho, diṭṭhogho, avijjogho.
the floods of sensuality, desire for rebirth, views, and ignorance.
kāmayogo, bhavayogo, diṭṭhiyogo, avijjāyogo.
the yokes of sensuality, desire for rebirth, views, and ignorance.
kāmayogavisaññogo, bhavayogavisaññogo, diṭṭhiyogavisaññogo, avijjāyogavisaññogo.
unyoking from the yokes of sensuality, desire for rebirth, views, and ignorance.
abhijjhā kāyagantho, byāpādo kāyagantho, sīlabbataparāmāso kāyagantho, idaṁsaccābhiniveso kāyagantho.
the personal ties to covetousness, ill will, misapprehension of precepts and observances, and the insistence that this is the only truth.
kāmupādānaṁ, diṭṭhupādānaṁ, sīlabbatupādānaṁ, attavādupādānaṁ.
grasping at sensual pleasures, views, precepts and observances, and theories of a self.
aṇḍajayoni, jalābujayoni, saṁsedajayoni, opapātikayoni.
reproduction for creatures born from an egg, from a womb, from moisture, or spontaneously.
Idhāvuso, ekacco asampajāno mātukucchiṁ okkamati, asampajāno mātukucchismiṁ ṭhāti, asampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṁ paṭhamā gabbhāvakkanti.
Someone is unaware when conceived in their mother’s womb, unaware as they remain there, and unaware as they emerge. This is the first kind of conception.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, idhekacco sampajāno mātukucchiṁ okkamati, asampajāno mātukucchismiṁ ṭhāti, asampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṁ dutiyā gabbhāvakkanti.
Furthermore, someone is aware when conceived in their mother’s womb, but unaware as they remain there, and unaware as they emerge. This is the second kind of conception.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, idhekacco sampajāno mātukucchiṁ okkamati, sampajāno mātukucchismiṁ ṭhāti, asampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṁ tatiyā gabbhāvakkanti.
Furthermore, someone is aware when conceived in their mother’s womb, aware as they remain there, but unaware as they emerge. This is the third kind of conception.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, idhekacco sampajāno mātukucchiṁ okkamati, sampajāno mātukucchismiṁ ṭhāti, sampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṁ catutthā gabbhāvakkanti.
Furthermore, someone is aware when conceived in their mother’s womb, aware as they remain there, and aware as they emerge. This is the fourth kind of conception.
Atthāvuso, attabhāvapaṭilābho, yasmiṁ attabhāvapaṭilābhe attasañcetanāyeva kamati, no parasañcetanā.
There is an incarnation where only one’s own intention is effective, not that of others.
Atthāvuso, attabhāvapaṭilābho, yasmiṁ attabhāvapaṭilābhe parasañcetanāyeva kamati, no attasañcetanā.
There is an incarnation where only the intention of others is effective, not one’s own.
Atthāvuso, attabhāvapaṭilābho, yasmiṁ attabhāvapaṭilābhe attasañcetanā ceva kamati parasañcetanā ca.
There is an incarnation where both one’s own and others’ intentions are effective.
Atthāvuso, attabhāvapaṭilābho, yasmiṁ attabhāvapaṭilābhe neva attasañcetanā kamati, no parasañcetanā.
There is an incarnation where neither one’s own nor others’ intentions are effective.
Atthāvuso, dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato.
There’s a religious donation that’s purified by the giver, not the recipient.
Atthāvuso, dakkhiṇā paṭiggāhakato visujjhati no dāyakato.
There’s a religious donation that’s purified by the recipient, not the giver.
Atthāvuso, dakkhiṇā neva dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato.
There’s a religious donation that’s purified by neither the giver nor the recipient.
Atthāvuso, dakkhiṇā dāyakato ceva visujjhati paṭiggāhakato ca.
There’s a religious donation that’s purified by both the giver and the recipient.
dānaṁ, peyyavajjaṁ, atthacariyā, samānattatā.
giving, kindly words, taking care, and equality.
musāvādo, pisuṇāvācā, pharusāvācā, samphappalāpo.
speech that’s false, backbiting, harsh, or nonsensical.
musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī.
refraining from speech that’s false, backbiting, harsh, or nonsensical.
adiṭṭhe diṭṭhavāditā, assute sutavāditā, amute mutavāditā, aviññāte viññātavāditā.
saying you’ve seen, heard, thought, or known something, but you haven’t.
adiṭṭhe adiṭṭhavāditā, assute assutavāditā, amute amutavāditā, aviññāte aviññātavāditā.
saying you haven’t seen, heard, thought, or known something, and you haven’t.
diṭṭhe adiṭṭhavāditā, sute assutavāditā, mute amutavāditā, viññāte aviññātavāditā.
saying you haven’t seen, heard, thought, or known something, and you have.
diṭṭhe diṭṭhavāditā, sute sutavāditā, mute mutavāditā, viññāte viññātavāditā.
saying you’ve seen, heard, thought, or known something, and you have.
Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo attantapo hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
One individual mortifies themselves, committed to the practice of mortifying themselves.
Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo parantapo hoti paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
One individual mortifies others, committed to the practice of mortifying others.
Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo attantapo ca hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
One individual mortifies themselves and others, committed to the practice of mortifying themselves and others.
Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo neva attantapo hoti na attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
One individual doesn’t mortify either themselves or others, committed to the practice of not mortifying themselves or others.
So anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṁvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati.
They live without wishes in this very life, quenched, cooled, experiencing bliss, with self become divine.
Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno hoti no parahitāya.
One individual practices to benefit themselves, but not others.
Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo parahitāya paṭipanno hoti no attahitāya.
One individual practices to benefit others, but not themselves.
Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo neva attahitāya paṭipanno hoti no parahitāya.
One individual practices to benefit neither themselves nor others.
Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno hoti parahitāya ca.
One individual practices to benefit both themselves and others.
tamo tamaparāyano, tamo jotiparāyano, joti tamaparāyano, joti jotiparāyano.
the dark bound for darkness, the dark bound for light, the light bound for darkness, and the light bound for light.
samaṇamacalo, samaṇapadumo, samaṇapuṇḍarīko, samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo.
the confirmed ascetic, the white lotus ascetic, the pink lotus ascetic, and the delicate ascetic of ascetics.
Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro dhammā sammadakkhātā;
These are the teachings grouped by four that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena pañca dhammā sammadakkhātā.
There are teachings grouped by five that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Rūpakkhandho vedanākkhandho saññākkhandho saṅkhārakkhandho viññāṇakkhandho.
form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness.
Rūpupādānakkhandho vedanupādānakkhandho saññupādānakkhandho saṅkhārupādānakkhandho viññāṇupādānakkhandho.
form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness.
Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasañhitā rajanīyā,
Sights known by the eye, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.
kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasañhitā rajanīyā.
Touches known by the body, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.
nirayo, tiracchānayoni, pettivisayo, manussā, devā.
hell, the animal realm, the ghost realm, humanity, and the gods.
āvāsamacchariyaṁ, kulamacchariyaṁ, lābhamacchariyaṁ, vaṇṇamacchariyaṁ, dhammamacchariyaṁ.
stinginess with dwellings, families, material things, praise, and the teachings.
kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṁ, byāpādanīvaraṇaṁ, thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṁ, uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇaṁ, vicikicchānīvaraṇaṁ.
sensual desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and remorse, and doubt.
sakkāyadiṭṭhi, vicikicchā, sīlabbataparāmāso, kāmacchando, byāpādo.
substantialist view, doubt, misapprehension of precepts and observances, sensual desire, and ill will.
rūparāgo, arūparāgo, māno, uddhaccaṁ, avijjā.
desire for rebirth in the realm of luminous form, desire for rebirth in the formless realm, conceit, restlessness, and ignorance.
pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī, musāvādā veramaṇī, surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī.
refraining from killing living creatures, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, and consuming beer, wine, and liquor intoxicants.
Abhabbo, āvuso, khīṇāsavo bhikkhu sañcicca pāṇaṁ jīvitā voropetuṁ. Abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu adinnaṁ theyyasaṅkhātaṁ ādiyituṁ. Abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu methunaṁ dhammaṁ paṭisevituṁ. Abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu sampajānamusā bhāsituṁ. Abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu sannidhikārakaṁ kāme paribhuñjituṁ, seyyathāpi pubbe āgārikabhūto.
A mendicant with defilements ended can’t deliberately take the life of a living creature, take something with the intention to steal, have sex, tell a deliberate lie, or store up goods for their own enjoyment like they used to as a layperson.
ñātibyasanaṁ, bhogabyasanaṁ, rogabyasanaṁ, sīlabyasanaṁ, diṭṭhibyasanaṁ.
loss of relatives, wealth, health, ethics, and view.
Nāvuso, sattā ñātibyasanahetu vā bhogabyasanahetu vā rogabyasanahetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjanti.
It is not because of loss of relatives, wealth, or health that sentient beings, when their body breaks up, after death, are reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.
Sīlabyasanahetu vā, āvuso, sattā diṭṭhibyasanahetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjanti.
It is because of loss of ethics or view that sentient beings, when their body breaks up, after death, are reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.
ñātisampadā, bhogasampadā, ārogyasampadā, sīlasampadā, diṭṭhisampadā.
endowment with relatives, wealth, health, ethics, and view.
Nāvuso, sattā ñātisampadāhetu vā bhogasampadāhetu vā ārogyasampadāhetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti.
It is not because of endowment with family, wealth, or health that sentient beings, when their body breaks up, after death, are reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.
Sīlasampadāhetu vā, āvuso, sattā diṭṭhisampadāhetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti.
It is because of endowment with ethics or view that sentient beings, when their body breaks up, after death, are reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.
Pañca ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.
<em>Five drawbacks for an unethical person because of their failure in ethics:</em>
Idhāvuso, dussīlo sīlavipanno pamādādhikaraṇaṁ mahatiṁ bhogajāniṁ nigacchati,
Firstly, an unethical person loses great wealth on account of negligence.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, dussīlassa sīlavipannassa pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati,
Furthermore, an unethical person gets a bad reputation.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, dussīlo sīlavipanno yaññadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamati yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ, avisārado upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto,
Furthermore, an unethical person enters any kind of assembly timid and embarrassed, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, dussīlo sīlavipanno sammūḷho kālaṁ karoti,
Furthermore, an unethical person feels lost when they die.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, dussīlo sīlavipanno kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati,
Furthermore, an unethical person, when their body breaks up, after death, is reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.
Pañca ānisaṁsā sīlavato sīlasampadāya.
<em>Five benefits for an ethical person because of their accomplishment in ethics:</em>
Idhāvuso, sīlavā sīlasampanno appamādādhikaraṇaṁ mahantaṁ bhogakkhandhaṁ adhigacchati,
Firstly, an ethical person gains great wealth on account of diligence.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, sīlavato sīlasampannassa kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati,
Furthermore, an ethical person gets a good reputation.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, sīlavā sīlasampanno yaññadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamati yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ, visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto,
Furthermore, an ethical person enters any kind of assembly bold and self-assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, sīlavā sīlasampanno asammūḷho kālaṁ karoti,
Furthermore, an ethical person dies not feeling lost.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, sīlavā sīlasampanno kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjati,
Furthermore, when an ethical person’s body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.
Codakena, āvuso, bhikkhunā paraṁ codetukāmena pañca dhamme ajjhattaṁ upaṭṭhapetvā paro codetabbo.
<em>A mendicant who wants to accuse another should first establish five things in themselves:</em>
Codakena, āvuso, bhikkhunā paraṁ codetukāmena ime pañca dhamme ajjhattaṁ upaṭṭhapetvā paro codetabbo.
A mendicant who wants to accuse another should first establish these five things in themselves.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṁ:
A mendicant has faith in the Realized One’s awakening:
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato, lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’
Appābādho hoti appātaṅko, samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya majjhimāya padhānakkhamāya.
They are rarely ill or unwell. Their stomach digests well, being neither too hot nor too cold, but just right, and fit for meditation.
Asaṭho hoti amāyāvī, yathābhūtaṁ attānaṁ āvikattā satthari vā viññūsu vā sabrahmacārīsu.
They’re not devious or deceitful. They reveal themselves honestly to the Teacher or sensible spiritual companions.
Āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ upasampadāya thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu.
They live with energy roused up for giving up unskillful qualities and embracing skillful qualities. They’re strong, staunchly vigorous, not slacking off when it comes to developing skillful qualities.
Paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammādukkhakkhayagāminiyā.
They’re wise. They have the wisdom of arising and passing away which is noble, penetrative, and leads to the complete ending of suffering.
avihā, atappā, sudassā, sudassī, akaniṭṭhā.
Aviha, Atappa, the gods fair to see, the fair seeing gods, and Akaniṭṭha.
antarāparinibbāyī, upahaccaparinibbāyī, asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī, uddhaṁsotoakaniṭṭhagāmī.
one who is extinguished between one life and the next, one who is extinguished upon landing, one who is extinguished without extra effort, one who is extinguished with extra effort, and one who heads upstream, going to the Akaniṭṭha realm.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati.
Firstly, a mendicant has doubts about the Teacher. They’re uncertain, undecided, and lacking confidence.
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, tassa cittaṁ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, yassa cittaṁ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, ayaṁ paṭhamo cetokhilo.
This being so, their mind doesn’t incline toward keenness, commitment, persistence, and striving. This is the first kind of hard-heartedness.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu dhamme kaṅkhati vicikicchati …pe…
Furthermore, a mendicant has doubts about the teaching …
sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto.
A mendicant is angry and upset with their spiritual companions, resentful and closed off.
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto, tassa cittaṁ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, yassa cittaṁ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, ayaṁ pañcamo cetokhilo.
This being so, their mind doesn’t incline toward keenness, commitment, persistence, and striving. This is the fifth kind of hard-heartedness.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu kāmesu avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho.
Firstly, a mendicant isn’t free of greed, desire, fondness, thirst, passion, and craving for sensual pleasures.
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu kāmesu avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho, tassa cittaṁ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya.
Yassa cittaṁ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya.
This being so, their mind doesn’t incline toward keenness, commitment, persistence, and striving.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu kāye avītarāgo hoti …pe…
Furthermore, a mendicant isn’t free of greed for the body …
puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāvadatthaṁ udarāvadehakaṁ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṁ passasukhaṁ middhasukhaṁ anuyutto viharati …pe…
They eat as much as they like until their bellies are full, then indulge in the pleasures of sleeping, lying down, and drowsing …
puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu aññataraṁ devanikāyaṁ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṁ carati: ‘imināhaṁ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti.
They lead the spiritual life hoping to be reborn in one of the orders of gods, thinking: ‘By this precept or observance or fervent austerity or spiritual practice, may I become one of the gods!’
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu aññataraṁ devanikāyaṁ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṁ carati: ‘imināhaṁ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti, tassa cittaṁ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṁ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya.
This being so, their mind doesn’t incline toward keenness, commitment, persistence, and striving.
cakkhundriyaṁ, sotindriyaṁ, ghānindriyaṁ, jivhindriyaṁ, kāyindriyaṁ.
eye, ear, nose, tongue, and body.
sukhindriyaṁ, dukkhindriyaṁ, somanassindriyaṁ, domanassindriyaṁ, upekkhindriyaṁ.
pleasure, pain, happiness, sadness, and equanimity.
saddhindriyaṁ, vīriyindriyaṁ, satindriyaṁ, samādhindriyaṁ, paññindriyaṁ.
faith, energy, mindfulness, immersion, and wisdom.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāme manasikaroto kāmesu cittaṁ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati.
Take a case where a mendicant focuses on sensual pleasures, but on that their mind does not leap forth, gain confidence, settle down, and become decided.
Nekkhammaṁ kho panassa manasikaroto nekkhamme cittaṁ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati.
But when they focus on renunciation, on that their mind leaps forth, gains confidence, settles down, and becomes decided.
Tassa taṁ cittaṁ sugataṁ subhāvitaṁ suvuṭṭhitaṁ suvimuttaṁ visaṁyuttaṁ kāmehi.
Their mind is in a good state, well developed, well risen, well freed, and well detached from sensual pleasures.
Ye ca kāmapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi, na so taṁ vedanaṁ vedeti.
They’re freed from the distressing and feverish defilements that arise because of sensual pleasures, so they don’t experience that kind of feeling.
Idamakkhātaṁ kāmānaṁ nissaraṇaṁ.
This is how the escape from sensual pleasures is explained.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno byāpādaṁ manasikaroto byāpāde cittaṁ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati.
Take another case where a mendicant focuses on ill will, but their mind does not leap forth …
Abyāpādaṁ kho panassa manasikaroto abyāpāde cittaṁ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati.
But when they focus on good will, their mind leaps forth …
Tassa taṁ cittaṁ sugataṁ subhāvitaṁ suvuṭṭhitaṁ suvimuttaṁ visaṁyuttaṁ byāpādena.
Their mind is in a good state … well detached from ill will.
Ye ca byāpādapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi, na so taṁ vedanaṁ vedeti.
They’re freed from the distressing and feverish defilements that arise because of ill will, so they don’t experience that kind of feeling.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno vihesaṁ manasikaroto vihesāya cittaṁ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati.
Take another case where a mendicant focuses on harming, but their mind does not leap forth …
Avihesaṁ kho panassa manasikaroto avihesāya cittaṁ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati.
But when they focus on compassion, their mind leaps forth …
Tassa taṁ cittaṁ sugataṁ subhāvitaṁ suvuṭṭhitaṁ suvimuttaṁ visaṁyuttaṁ vihesāya.
Their mind is in a good state … well detached from harming.
Ye ca vihesāpaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi, na so taṁ vedanaṁ vedeti.
They’re freed from the distressing and feverish defilements that arise because of harming, so they don’t experience that kind of feeling.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno rūpe manasikaroto rūpesu cittaṁ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati.
Take another case where a mendicant focuses on form, but their mind does not leap forth …
Arūpaṁ kho panassa manasikaroto arūpe cittaṁ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati.
But when they focus on the formless, their mind leaps forth …
Tassa taṁ cittaṁ sugataṁ subhāvitaṁ suvuṭṭhitaṁ suvimuttaṁ visaṁyuttaṁ rūpehi.
Their mind is in a good state … well detached from forms.
Ye ca rūpapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi, na so taṁ vedanaṁ vedeti.
They’re freed from the distressing and feverish defilements that arise because of form, so they don’t experience that kind of feeling.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno sakkāyaṁ manasikaroto sakkāye cittaṁ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati.
Take a case where a mendicant focuses on substantial reality, but their mind does not leap forth, gain confidence, settle down, and become decided.
Sakkāyanirodhaṁ kho panassa manasikaroto sakkāyanirodhe cittaṁ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati.
But when they focus on the cessation of substantial reality, their mind leaps forth, gains confidence, settles down, and becomes decided.
Tassa taṁ cittaṁ sugataṁ subhāvitaṁ suvuṭṭhitaṁ suvimuttaṁ visaṁyuttaṁ sakkāyena.
Their mind is in a good state, well developed, well risen, well freed, and well detached from substantial reality.
Ye ca sakkāyapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi, na so taṁ vedanaṁ vedeti.
They’re freed from the distressing and feverish defilements that arise because of substantial reality, so they don’t experience that kind of feeling.
Idamakkhātaṁ sakkāyassa nissaraṇaṁ.
This is how the escape from substantial reality is explained.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno satthā dhammaṁ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī.
Firstly, the Teacher or a respected spiritual companion teaches Dhamma to a mendicant.
Yathā yathā, āvuso, bhikkhuno satthā dhammaṁ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī tathā tathā so tasmiṁ dhamme atthapaṭisaṁvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṁvedī ca.
That mendicant feels inspired by the meaning and the teaching in that Dhamma, no matter how the Teacher or a respected spiritual companion teaches it.
Tassa atthapaṭisaṁvedino dhammapaṭisaṁvedino pāmojjaṁ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṁ vedeti, sukhino cittaṁ samādhiyati.
Feeling inspired, joy springs up. Being joyful, rapture springs up. When the mind is full of rapture, the body becomes tranquil. When the body is tranquil, one feels bliss. And when blissful, the mind becomes immersed.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno na heva kho satthā dhammaṁ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, api ca kho yathāsutaṁ yathāpariyattaṁ dhammaṁ vitthārena paresaṁ deseti …pe…
Furthermore, it may be that neither the Teacher nor a respected spiritual companion teaches Dhamma to a mendicant. But the mendicant teaches Dhamma in detail to others as they learned and memorized it. …
api ca kho yathāsutaṁ yathāpariyattaṁ dhammaṁ vitthārena sajjhāyaṁ karoti …pe…
Or the mendicant rehearses the teaching in detail as they learned and memorized it. …
api ca kho yathāsutaṁ yathāpariyattaṁ dhammaṁ cetasā anuvitakketi anuvicāreti manasānupekkhati …pe…
Or the mendicant thinks about and considers the teaching in their heart, examining it with the mind as they learned and memorized it. …
api ca khvassa aññataraṁ samādhinimittaṁ suggahitaṁ hoti sumanasikataṁ sūpadhāritaṁ suppaṭividdhaṁ paññāya.
Or a meditation subject as a basis of immersion is properly grasped, focused on, borne in mind, and penetrated with wisdom.
Yathā yathā, āvuso, bhikkhuno aññataraṁ samādhinimittaṁ suggahitaṁ hoti sumanasikataṁ sūpadhāritaṁ suppaṭividdhaṁ paññāya tathā tathā so tasmiṁ dhamme atthapaṭisaṁvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṁvedī ca.
That mendicant feels inspired by the meaning and the teaching in that Dhamma, no matter how a meditation subject as a basis of immersion is properly grasped, focused on, borne in mind, and penetrated with wisdom.
Tassa atthapaṭisaṁvedino dhammapaṭisaṁvedino pāmojjaṁ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṁ vedeti, sukhino cittaṁ samādhiyati.
Feeling inspired, joy springs up. Being joyful, rapture springs up. When the mind is full of rapture, the body becomes tranquil. When the body is tranquil, one feels bliss. And when blissful, the mind becomes immersed.
aniccasaññā, anicce dukkhasaññā, dukkhe anattasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññā.
the perception of impermanence, the perception of suffering in impermanence, the perception of not-self in suffering, the perception of giving up, and the perception of fading away.
Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena pañca dhammā sammadakkhātā;
These are the teachings grouped by five that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cha dhammā sammadakkhātā;
There are teachings grouped by six that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
cakkhāyatanaṁ, sotāyatanaṁ, ghānāyatanaṁ, jivhāyatanaṁ, kāyāyatanaṁ, manāyatanaṁ.
eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind.
rūpāyatanaṁ, saddāyatanaṁ, gandhāyatanaṁ, rasāyatanaṁ, phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṁ, dhammāyatanaṁ.
sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and ideas.
cakkhuviññāṇaṁ, sotaviññāṇaṁ, ghānaviññāṇaṁ, jivhāviññāṇaṁ, kāyaviññāṇaṁ, manoviññāṇaṁ.
eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind consciousness.
cakkhusamphasso, sotasamphasso, ghānasamphasso, jivhāsamphasso, kāyasamphasso, manosamphasso.
contact through the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind.
cakkhusamphassajā vedanā, sotasamphassajā vedanā, ghānasamphassajā vedanā, jivhāsamphassajā vedanā, kāyasamphassajā vedanā, manosamphassajā vedanā.
feeling born of contact through the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind.
rūpasaññā, saddasaññā, gandhasaññā, rasasaññā, phoṭṭhabbasaññā, dhammasaññā.
perceptions of sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and ideas.
rūpasañcetanā, saddasañcetanā, gandhasañcetanā, rasasañcetanā, phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā, dhammasañcetanā.
intention regarding sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and ideas.
rūpataṇhā, saddataṇhā, gandhataṇhā, rasataṇhā, phoṭṭhabbataṇhā, dhammataṇhā.
craving for sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touches, and ideas.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso; dhamme agāravo viharati appatisso; saṅghe agāravo viharati appatisso; sikkhāya agāravo viharati appatisso; appamāde agāravo viharati appatisso; paṭisanthāre agāravo viharati appatisso.
A mendicant lacks respect and reverence for the Teacher, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, the training, diligence, and hospitality.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthari sagāravo viharati sappatisso; dhamme sagāravo viharati sappatisso; saṅghe sagāravo viharati sappatisso; sikkhāya sagāravo viharati sappatisso; appamāde sagāravo viharati sappatisso; paṭisanthāre sagāravo viharati sappatisso.
A mendicant has respect and reverence for the Teacher, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, the training, diligence, and hospitality.
Cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā somanassaṭṭhāniyaṁ rūpaṁ upavicarati;
Seeing a sight with the eye, one is preoccupied with a sight that’s a basis for happiness.
Manasā dhammaṁ viññāya somanassaṭṭhāniyaṁ dhammaṁ upavicarati.
Knowing an idea with the mind, one is preoccupied with an idea that’s a basis for happiness.
Cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā domanassaṭṭhāniyaṁ rūpaṁ upavicarati …pe…
Seeing a sight with the eye, one is preoccupied with a sight that’s a basis for sadness. …
manasā dhammaṁ viññāya domanassaṭṭhāniyaṁ dhammaṁ upavicarati.
Knowing an idea with the mind, one is preoccupied with an idea that’s a basis for sadness.
Cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā upekkhāṭṭhāniyaṁ rūpaṁ upavicarati …pe…
Seeing a sight with the eye, one is preoccupied with a sight that’s a basis for equanimity. …
manasā dhammaṁ viññāya upekkhāṭṭhāniyaṁ dhammaṁ upavicarati.
Knowing an idea with the mind, one is preoccupied with an idea that’s a basis for equanimity.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno mettaṁ kāyakammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca.
Firstly, a mendicant consistently treats their spiritual companions with bodily kindness, both in public and in private.
Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattati.
This warm-hearted quality makes for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without quarreling.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno mettaṁ vacīkammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca.
Furthermore, a mendicant consistently treats their spiritual companions with verbal kindness, both in public and in private.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno mettaṁ manokammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca.
Furthermore, a mendicant consistently treats their spiritual companions with mental kindness, both in public and in private.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu ye te lābhā dhammikā dhammaladdhā antamaso pattapariyāpannamattampi, tathārūpehi lābhehi appaṭivibhattabhogī hoti sīlavantehi sabrahmacārīhi sādhāraṇabhogī.
Furthermore, a mendicant shares without reservation any material things they have gained by legitimate means, even the food placed in the alms-bowl, using them in common with their ethical spiritual companions.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāni tāni sīlāni akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṁvattanikāni, tathārūpesu sīlesu sīlasāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca.
Furthermore, a mendicant lives according to the precepts shared with their spiritual companions, both in public and in private. Those precepts are intact, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāyaṁ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya, tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhisāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca.
They live according to the view shared with their spiritual companions, both in public and in private. That view is noble and emancipating, and brings one who practices it to the complete ending of suffering.
Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattati.
This warm-hearted quality too makes for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without quarreling.
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti.
Such a mendicant lacks respect and reverence for the Teacher, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, and they don’t fulfill the training.
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso, dhamme agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghe agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāya na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe vivādaṁ janeti. Yo hoti vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṁ.
They create a dispute in the Saṅgha, which is for the detriment and suffering of the people, for the harm, detriment, and suffering of gods and humans.
Evarūpañce tumhe, āvuso, vivādamūlaṁ ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, āvuso, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha.
If you see such a root of dispute in yourselves or others, you should try to give up this bad thing.
Evarūpañce tumhe, āvuso, vivādamūlaṁ ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, āvuso, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṁ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha.
If you don’t see it, you should practice so that it doesn’t come up in the future.
Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṁ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṁ anavassavo hoti.
That’s how to give up this bad root of dispute, so it doesn’t come up in the future.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu makkhī hoti paḷāsī …pe…
Furthermore, a mendicant is offensive and contemptuous …
sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī …pe…
They’re attached to their own views, holding them tight, and refusing to let go.
yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti.
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso, dhamme agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghe agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāya na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe vivādaṁ janeti. Yo hoti vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṁ.
Evarūpañce tumhe, āvuso, vivādamūlaṁ ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, āvuso, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha.
If you see such a root of dispute in yourselves or others, you should try to give up this bad thing.
Evarūpañce tumhe, āvuso, vivādamūlaṁ ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, āvuso, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṁ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha.
If you don’t see it, you should practice so that it doesn’t come up in the future.
Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṁ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṁ anavassavo hoti.
That’s how to give up this bad root of dispute, so it doesn’t come up in the future.
pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu, ākāsadhātu, viññāṇadhātu.
earth, water, fire, air, space, and consciousness.
‘mettā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā,
‘I’ve developed the heart’s release by love. I’ve cultivated it, made it my vehicle and my basis, kept it up, consolidated it, and properly implemented it.
atha ca pana me byāpādo cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
Yet somehow ill will still occupies my mind.’
So ‘mā hevan’tissa vacanīyo, ‘māyasmā evaṁ avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya.
They should be told, ‘Not so, venerable! Don’t say that. Don’t misrepresent the Buddha, for misrepresentation of the Buddha is not good. And the Buddha would not say that.
Aṭṭhānametaṁ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṁ mettāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya.
It’s impossible, reverend, it cannot happen that the heart’s release by love has been developed and properly implemented,
Atha ca panassa byāpādo cittaṁ pariyādāya ṭhassati, netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.
yet somehow ill will still occupies the mind.
Nissaraṇaṁ hetaṁ, āvuso, byāpādassa, yadidaṁ mettā cetovimuttī’ti.
For it is the heart’s release by love that is the escape from ill will.’
‘karuṇā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā.
‘I’ve developed the heart’s release by compassion. I’ve cultivated it, made it my vehicle and my basis, kept it up, consolidated it, and properly implemented it.
Atha ca pana me vihesā cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti,
Yet somehow the thought of harming still occupies my mind.’
so ‘mā hevan’tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṁ avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya.
They should be told, ‘Not so, venerable! …
Aṭṭhānametaṁ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṁ karuṇāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya,
atha ca panassa vihesā cittaṁ pariyādāya ṭhassati, netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.
Nissaraṇaṁ hetaṁ, āvuso, vihesāya, yadidaṁ karuṇā cetovimuttī’ti.
For it is the heart’s release by compassion that is the escape from thoughts of harming.’
‘muditā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā.
‘I’ve developed the heart’s release by rejoicing. I’ve cultivated it, made it my vehicle and my basis, kept it up, consolidated it, and properly implemented it.
Atha ca pana me arati cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti,
Yet somehow discontent still occupies my mind.’
so ‘mā hevan’tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṁ avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya.
They should be told, ‘Not so, venerable! …
Aṭṭhānametaṁ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṁ muditāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya,
atha ca panassa arati cittaṁ pariyādāya ṭhassati, netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.
Nissaraṇaṁ hetaṁ, āvuso, aratiyā, yadidaṁ muditā cetovimuttī’ti.
For it is the heart’s release by rejoicing that is the escape from discontent.’
‘upekkhā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā.
‘I’ve developed the heart’s release by equanimity. I’ve cultivated it, made it my vehicle and my basis, kept it up, consolidated it, and properly implemented it.
Atha ca pana me rāgo cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
Yet somehow desire still occupies my mind.’
So ‘mā hevan’tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṁ avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya.
They should be told, ‘Not so, venerable! …
Aṭṭhānametaṁ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṁ upekkhāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya,
atha ca panassa rāgo cittaṁ pariyādāya ṭhassati netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.
Nissaraṇaṁ hetaṁ, āvuso, rāgassa, yadidaṁ upekkhā cetovimuttī’ti.
For it is the heart’s release by equanimity that is the escape from desire.’
‘animittā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā.
‘I’ve developed the signless release of the heart. I’ve cultivated it, made it my vehicle and my basis, kept it up, consolidated it, and properly implemented it.
Atha ca pana me nimittānusāri viññāṇaṁ hotī’ti.
Yet somehow my consciousness still follows after signs.’
So ‘mā hevan’tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṁ avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya.
They should be told, ‘Not so, venerable! …
Aṭṭhānametaṁ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṁ animittāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya,
atha ca panassa nimittānusāri viññāṇaṁ bhavissati, netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.
Nissaraṇaṁ hetaṁ, āvuso, sabbanimittānaṁ, yadidaṁ animittā cetovimuttī’ti.
For it is the signless release of the heart that is the escape from all signs.’
‘asmīti kho me vigataṁ, ayamahamasmīti na samanupassāmi,
‘I’m rid of the conceit “I am”. And I don’t regard anything as “I am this”.
atha ca pana me vicikicchākathaṅkathāsallaṁ cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti.
Yet somehow the dart of doubt and indecision still occupies my mind.’
So ‘mā hevan’tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṁ avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya.
They should be told, ‘Not so, venerable! Don’t say that. Don’t misrepresent the Buddha, for misrepresentation of the Buddha is not good. And the Buddha would not say that.
Aṭṭhānametaṁ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṁ asmīti vigate ayamahamasmīti asamanupassato,
It’s impossible, reverend, it cannot happen that the conceit “I am” has been done away with, and nothing is regarded as “I am this”,
atha ca panassa vicikicchākathaṅkathāsallaṁ cittaṁ pariyādāya ṭhassati, netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.
yet somehow the dart of doubt and indecision still occupy the mind.
Nissaraṇaṁ hetaṁ, āvuso, vicikicchākathaṅkathāsallassa, yadidaṁ asmimānasamugghāto’ti.
For it is the uprooting of the conceit “I am” that is the escape from the dart of doubt and indecision.’
dassanānuttariyaṁ, savanānuttariyaṁ, lābhānuttariyaṁ, sikkhānuttariyaṁ, pāricariyānuttariyaṁ, anussatānuttariyaṁ.
the unsurpassable seeing, listening, acquisition, training, service, and recollection.
buddhānussati, dhammānussati, saṅghānussati, sīlānussati, cāgānussati, devatānussati.
the recollection of the Buddha, the teaching, the Saṅgha, ethics, generosity, and the deities.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno.
A mendicant, seeing a sight with their eyes, is neither happy nor sad. They remain equanimous, mindful and aware.
Sotena saddaṁ sutvā …pe…
Hearing a sound with their ears … Smelling an odor with their nose … Tasting a flavor with their tongue … Feeling a touch with their body …
manasā dhammaṁ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno.
Knowing an idea with their mind, they’re neither happy nor sad. They remain equanimous, mindful and aware.
Idhāvuso, ekacco kaṇhābhijātiko samāno kaṇhaṁ dhammaṁ abhijāyati.
Someone born into a dark class gives rise to a dark result.
Idha panāvuso, ekacco kaṇhābhijātiko samāno sukkaṁ dhammaṁ abhijāyati.
Someone born into a dark class gives rise to a bright result.
Idha panāvuso, ekacco kaṇhābhijātiko samāno akaṇhaṁ asukkaṁ nibbānaṁ abhijāyati.
Someone born into a dark class gives rise to extinguishment, which is neither dark nor bright.
Idha panāvuso, ekacco sukkābhijātiko samāno sukkaṁ dhammaṁ abhijāyati.
Someone born into a bright class gives rise to a bright result.
Idha panāvuso, ekacco sukkābhijātiko samāno kaṇhaṁ dhammaṁ abhijāyati.
Someone born into a bright class gives rise to a dark result.
Idha panāvuso, ekacco sukkābhijātiko samāno akaṇhaṁ asukkaṁ nibbānaṁ abhijāyati.
Someone born into a bright class gives rise to extinguishment, which is neither dark nor bright.
aniccasaññā, anicce dukkhasaññā, dukkhe anattasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññā, nirodhasaññā.
the perception of impermanence, the perception of suffering in impermanence, the perception of not-self in suffering, the perception of giving up, the perception of fading away, and the perception of cessation.
Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cha dhammā sammadakkhātā;
These are the teachings grouped by six that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena satta dhammā sammadakkhātā;
There are teachings grouped by seven that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
saddhādhanaṁ, sīladhanaṁ, hiridhanaṁ, ottappadhanaṁ, sutadhanaṁ, cāgadhanaṁ, paññādhanaṁ.
the riches of faith, ethics, conscience, prudence, learning, generosity, and wisdom.
satisambojjhaṅgo, dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo, vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, pītisambojjhaṅgo, passaddhisambojjhaṅgo, samādhisambojjhaṅgo, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo.
mindfulness, investigation of principles, energy, rapture, tranquility, immersion, and equanimity.
sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati.
right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, and right mindfulness.
idhāvuso, bhikkhu assaddho hoti, ahiriko hoti, anottappī hoti, appassuto hoti, kusīto hoti, muṭṭhassati hoti, duppañño hoti.
a mendicant is faithless, shameless, imprudent, unlearned, lazy, unmindful, and witless.
idhāvuso, bhikkhu saddho hoti, hirimā hoti, ottappī hoti, bahussuto hoti, āraddhavīriyo hoti, upaṭṭhitassati hoti, paññavā hoti.
a mendicant is faithful, conscientious, prudent, learned, energetic, mindful, and wise.
idhāvuso, bhikkhu dhammaññū ca hoti atthaññū ca attaññū ca mattaññū ca kālaññū ca parisaññū ca puggalaññū ca.
a mendicant knows the teachings, knows the meaning, knows themselves, knows moderation, knows the right time, knows assemblies, and knows individuals.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sikkhāsamādāne tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca sikkhāsamādāne avigatapemo.
A mendicant has a keen enthusiasm to undertake the training …
Dhammanisantiyā tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca dhammanisantiyā avigatapemo.
to examine the teachings …
Satinepakke tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca satinepakke avigatapemo.
for mindfulness and alertness …
Diṭṭhipaṭivedhe tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca diṭṭhipaṭivedhe avigatapemo.
to penetrate theoretically. And they don’t lose these desires in the future.
aniccasaññā, anattasaññā, asubhasaññā, ādīnavasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññā, nirodhasaññā.
the perception of impermanence, the perception of not-self, the perception of ugliness, the perception of drawbacks, the perception of giving up, the perception of fading away, and the perception of cessation.
saddhābalaṁ, vīriyabalaṁ, hiribalaṁ, ottappabalaṁ, satibalaṁ, samādhibalaṁ, paññābalaṁ.
faith, energy, conscience, prudence, mindfulness, immersion, and wisdom.
Santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā.
There are sentient beings that are diverse in body and diverse in perception, such as human beings, some gods, and some beings in the underworld.
Santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā ekattasaññino seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā paṭhamābhinibbattā.
There are sentient beings that are diverse in body and unified in perception, such as the gods reborn in the Divinity’s host through the first absorption.
Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā nānattasaññino seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā.
There are sentient beings that are unified in body and diverse in perception, such as the gods of streaming radiance.
Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā ekattasaññino seyyathāpi devā subhakiṇhā.
There are sentient beings that are unified in body and unified in perception, such as the gods of universal beauty.
Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso rūpasaññānaṁ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṁ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṁ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanūpagā.
There are sentient beings that have gone totally beyond perceptions of form. With the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, they have been reborn in the dimension of infinite space.
Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘anantaṁ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanūpagā.
There are sentient beings that have gone totally beyond the dimension of infinite space. Aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, they have been reborn in the dimension of infinite consciousness.
Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanūpagā.
There are sentient beings that have gone totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness. Aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, they have been reborn in the dimension of nothingness.
ubhatobhāgavimutto, paññāvimutto, kāyasakkhi, diṭṭhippatto, saddhāvimutto, dhammānusārī, saddhānusārī.
one freed both ways, one freed by wisdom, a direct witness, one attained to view, one freed by faith, a follower of teachings, and a follower by faith.
kāmarāgānusayo, paṭighānusayo, diṭṭhānusayo, vicikicchānusayo, mānānusayo, bhavarāgānusayo, avijjānusayo.
sensual desire, aversion, views, doubt, conceit, desire for continued existence, and ignorance.
anunayasaṁyojanaṁ, paṭighasaṁyojanaṁ, diṭṭhisaṁyojanaṁ, vicikicchāsaṁyojanaṁ, mānasaṁyojanaṁ, bhavarāgasaṁyojanaṁ, avijjāsaṁyojanaṁ.
attraction, aversion, views, doubt, conceit, desire for continued existence, and ignorance.
Satta adhikaraṇasamathā uppannuppannānaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ samathāya vūpasamāya—
<em>Seven principles for the settlement of any disciplinary issues that might arise:</em>
sammukhāvinayo dātabbo, sativinayo dātabbo, amūḷhavinayo dātabbo, paṭiññāya kāretabbaṁ, yebhuyyasikā, tassapāpiyasikā, tiṇavatthārako.
Resolution face-to-face to be applied. Resolution through recollection to be granted. Resolution because of past insanity to be granted. Acting according to what has been admitted. Majority decision. Further penalty. Covering over as if with grass.
Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena satta dhammā sammadakkhātā;
These are the teachings grouped by seven that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena aṭṭha dhammā sammadakkhātā;
There are teachings grouped by eight that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
micchādiṭṭhi, micchāsaṅkappo, micchāvācā, micchākammanto, micchāājīvo, micchāvāyāmo micchāsati, micchāsamādhi.
wrong view, wrong purpose, wrong speech, wrong action, wrong livelihood, wrong effort, wrong mindfulness, and wrong immersion.
sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.
right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion.
sotāpanno, sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno; sakadāgāmī, sakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno; anāgāmī, anāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno; arahā, arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno.
The stream-enterer and the one practicing to realize the fruit of stream-entry. The once-returner and the one practicing to realize the fruit of once-return. The non-returner and the one practicing to realize the fruit of non-return. The perfected one, and the one practicing for perfection.
‘kammaṁ kho me kātabbaṁ bhavissati, kammaṁ kho pana me karontassa kāyo kilamissati, handāhaṁ nipajjāmī’ti.
‘I have some work to do. But while doing it my body will get tired. I’d better have a lie down.’
So nipajjati na vīriyaṁ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya.
They lie down, and don’t rouse energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṁ kataṁ hoti.
Furthermore, a mendicant has done some work.
‘ahaṁ kho kammaṁ akāsiṁ, kammaṁ kho pana me karontassa kāyo kilanto, handāhaṁ nipajjāmī’ti.
‘I’ve done some work. But while working my body got tired. I’d better have a lie down.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gantabbo hoti.
Furthermore, a mendicant has to go on a journey.
‘maggo kho me gantabbo bhavissati, maggaṁ kho pana me gacchantassa kāyo kilamissati, handāhaṁ nipajjāmī’ti.
‘I have to go on a journey. But while walking my body will get tired. I’d better have a lie down.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gato hoti.
Furthermore, a mendicant has gone on a journey.
‘ahaṁ kho maggaṁ agamāsiṁ, maggaṁ kho pana me gacchantassa kāyo kilanto, handāhaṁ nipajjāmī’ti.
‘I’ve gone on a journey. But while walking my body got tired. I’d better have a lie down.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya caranto na labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ.
Furthermore, a mendicant has wandered for alms, but they didn’t get to fill up on as much food as they like, coarse or fine.
‘ahaṁ kho gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya caranto nālatthaṁ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ, tassa me kāyo kilanto akammañño, handāhaṁ nipajjāmī’ti.
‘I’ve wandered for alms, but I didn’t get to fill up on as much food as I like, coarse or fine. My body is tired and unfit for work. I’d better have a lie down.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya caranto labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ.
Furthermore, a mendicant has wandered for alms, and they got to fill up on as much food as they like, coarse or fine.
‘ahaṁ kho gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya caranto alatthaṁ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ, tassa me kāyo garuko akammañño, māsācitaṁ maññe, handāhaṁ nipajjāmī’ti.
‘I’ve wandered for alms, and I got to fill up on as much food as I like, coarse or fine. My body is heavy and unfit for work, like I’ve just eaten a load of beans. I’d better have a lie down.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno uppanno hoti appamattako ābādho.
Furthermore, a mendicant feels a little sick.
‘uppanno kho me ayaṁ appamattako ābādho;
‘I feel a little sick. Lying down would be good for me. I’d better have a lie down.’
atthi kappo nipajjituṁ, handāhaṁ nipajjāmī’ti.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu gilānā vuṭṭhito hoti aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā.
Furthermore, a mendicant has recently recovered from illness.
‘ahaṁ kho gilānā vuṭṭhito aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā, tassa me kāyo dubbalo akammañño, handāhaṁ nipajjāmī’ti.
‘I’ve recently recovered from illness. My body is weak and unfit for work. I’d better have a lie down.’
So nipajjati na vīriyaṁ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya.
They lie down, and don’t rouse energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized.
‘kammaṁ kho me kātabbaṁ bhavissati, kammaṁ kho pana me karontena na sukaraṁ buddhānaṁ sāsanaṁ manasi kātuṁ, handāhaṁ vīriyaṁ ārabhāmi appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya, asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā’ti.
‘I have some work to do. While working it’s not easy to focus on the instructions of the Buddhas. I’d better preemptively rouse up energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized.’
So vīriyaṁ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā, anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya.
They rouse energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṁ kataṁ hoti.
Furthermore, a mendicant has done some work.
‘ahaṁ kho kammaṁ akāsiṁ, kammaṁ kho panāhaṁ karonto nāsakkhiṁ buddhānaṁ sāsanaṁ manasi kātuṁ, handāhaṁ vīriyaṁ ārabhāmi …pe…
‘I’ve done some work. While I was working I wasn’t able to focus on the instructions of the Buddhas. I’d better preemptively rouse up energy.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gantabbo hoti.
Furthermore, a mendicant has to go on a journey.
‘maggo kho me gantabbo bhavissati, maggaṁ kho pana me gacchantena na sukaraṁ buddhānaṁ sāsanaṁ manasi kātuṁ.
‘I have to go on a journey. While walking it’s not easy to focus on the instructions of the Buddhas. I’d better preemptively rouse up energy.’
Handāhaṁ vīriyaṁ ārabhāmi …pe…
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gato hoti.
Furthermore, a mendicant has gone on a journey.
‘ahaṁ kho maggaṁ agamāsiṁ, maggaṁ kho panāhaṁ gacchanto nāsakkhiṁ buddhānaṁ sāsanaṁ manasi kātuṁ, handāhaṁ vīriyaṁ ārabhāmi …pe…
‘I’ve gone on a journey. While I was walking I wasn’t able to focus on the instructions of the Buddhas. I’d better preemptively rouse up energy.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya caranto na labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ.
Furthermore, a mendicant has wandered for alms, but they didn’t get to fill up on as much food as they like, coarse or fine.
‘ahaṁ kho gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya caranto nālatthaṁ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ, tassa me kāyo lahuko kammañño, handāhaṁ vīriyaṁ ārabhāmi …pe…
‘I’ve wandered for alms, but I didn’t get to fill up on as much food as I like, coarse or fine. My body is light and fit for work. I’d better preemptively rouse up energy.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya caranto labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ.
Furthermore, a mendicant has wandered for alms, and they got to fill up on as much food as they like, coarse or fine.
‘ahaṁ kho gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya caranto alatthaṁ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṁ pāripūriṁ, tassa me kāyo balavā kammañño, handāhaṁ vīriyaṁ ārabhāmi …pe…
‘I’ve wandered for alms, and I got to fill up on as much food as I like, coarse or fine. My body is strong and fit for work. I’d better preemptively rouse up energy.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhuno uppanno hoti appamattako ābādho.
Furthermore, a mendicant feels a little sick.
‘uppanno kho me ayaṁ appamattako ābādho, ṭhānaṁ kho panetaṁ vijjati yaṁ me ābādho pavaḍḍheyya, handāhaṁ vīriyaṁ ārabhāmi …pe…
‘I feel a little sick. It’s possible this illness will worsen. I’d better preemptively rouse up energy.’
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu gilānā vuṭṭhito hoti aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā.
Furthermore, a mendicant has recently recovered from illness.
‘ahaṁ kho gilānā vuṭṭhito aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā, ṭhānaṁ kho panetaṁ vijjati yaṁ me ābādho paccudāvatteyya, handāhaṁ vīriyaṁ ārabhāmi appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā’ti.
‘I’ve recently recovered from illness. It’s possible the illness will come back. I’d better preemptively rouse up energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized.’
So vīriyaṁ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya.
They rouse energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized.
Āsajja dānaṁ deti, bhayā dānaṁ deti, ‘adāsi me’ti dānaṁ deti, ‘dassati me’ti dānaṁ deti, ‘sāhu dānan’ti dānaṁ deti, ‘ahaṁ pacāmi, ime na pacanti, nārahāmi pacanto apacantānaṁ dānaṁ na dātun’ti dānaṁ deti, ‘idaṁ me dānaṁ dadato kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī’ti dānaṁ deti.
Someone might give a gift after insulting the recipient. Or they give out of fear. Or they give thinking, ‘They gave to me.’ Or they give thinking, ‘They’ll give to me.’ Or they give thinking, ‘It’s good to give.’ Or they give thinking, ‘I cook, they don’t. It wouldn’t be right for me to not give to them.’ Or they give thinking, ‘By giving this gift I’ll get a good reputation.’ Or they give thinking, ‘This is an adornment and requisite for the mind.’
Cittālaṅkāracittaparikkhāratthaṁ dānaṁ deti.
Idhāvuso, ekacco dānaṁ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṁ pānaṁ vatthaṁ yānaṁ mālāgandhavilepanaṁ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṁ.
First, someone gives to ascetics or brahmins such things as food, drink, clothing, vehicles; garlands, fragrance, and makeup; and bed, house, and lighting.
So passati khattiyamahāsālaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālaṁ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṁ samaṅgībhūtaṁ paricārayamānaṁ.
They see an affluent aristocrat or brahmin or householder amusing themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation.
‘aho vatāhaṁ kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā sahabyataṁ upapajjeyyan’ti.
‘If only, when my body breaks up, after death, I would be reborn in the company of well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders!’
So taṁ cittaṁ dahati, taṁ cittaṁ adhiṭṭhāti, taṁ cittaṁ bhāveti, tassa taṁ cittaṁ hīne vimuttaṁ uttari abhāvitaṁ tatrūpapattiyā saṁvattati.
They settle on that thought, stabilize it, and develop it. As they’ve settled for less and not developed further, their thought leads to rebirth there.
Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi no dussīlassa.
But I say that this is only for those of ethical conduct, not for the unethical.
Ijjhatāvuso, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā.
The heart’s wish of an ethical person succeeds because of their purity.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, idhekacco dānaṁ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṁ pānaṁ …pe… seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṁ.
Next, someone gives to ascetics or brahmins.
‘cātumahārājikā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti.
‘The gods of the four great kings are long-lived, beautiful, and very happy.’
‘aho vatāhaṁ kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjeyyan’ti.
‘If only, when my body breaks up, after death, I would be reborn in the company of the gods of the four great kings!’
So taṁ cittaṁ dahati, taṁ cittaṁ adhiṭṭhāti, taṁ cittaṁ bhāveti, tassa taṁ cittaṁ hīne vimuttaṁ uttari abhāvitaṁ tatrūpapattiyā saṁvattati.
They settle on that thought, stabilize it, and develop it. As they’ve settled for less and not developed further, their thought leads to rebirth there.
Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi no dussīlassa.
But I say that this is only for those of ethical conduct, not for the unethical.
Ijjhatāvuso, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā.
The heart’s wish of an ethical person succeeds because of their purity.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, idhekacco dānaṁ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṁ pānaṁ …pe… seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṁ.
Next, someone gives to ascetics or brahmins.
paranimmitavasavattī devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti.
the gods who control what is created by others are long-lived, beautiful, and very happy.’
‘aho vatāhaṁ kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjeyyan’ti.
‘If only, when my body breaks up, after death, I would be reborn in the company of the gods who control what is created by others!’
So taṁ cittaṁ dahati, taṁ cittaṁ adhiṭṭhāti, taṁ cittaṁ bhāveti, tassa taṁ cittaṁ hīne vimuttaṁ uttari abhāvitaṁ tatrūpapattiyā saṁvattati.
They settle on that thought, stabilize it, and develop it. As they’ve settled for less and not developed further, their thought leads to rebirth there.
Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi no dussīlassa.
But I say that this is only for those of ethical conduct, not for the unethical.
Ijjhatāvuso, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā.
The heart’s wish of an ethical person succeeds because of their purity.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, idhekacco dānaṁ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṁ pānaṁ vatthaṁ yānaṁ mālāgandhavilepanaṁ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṁ.
Next, someone gives to ascetics or brahmins such things as food, drink, clothing, vehicles; garlands, fragrance, and makeup; and bed, house, and lighting.
‘brahmakāyikā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti.
‘The gods of the Divinity’s host are long-lived, beautiful, and very happy.’
‘aho vatāhaṁ kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā brahmakāyikānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjeyyan’ti.
‘If only, when my body breaks up, after death, I would be reborn in the company of the gods of the Divinity’s host!’
So taṁ cittaṁ dahati, taṁ cittaṁ adhiṭṭhāti, taṁ cittaṁ bhāveti, tassa taṁ cittaṁ hīne vimuttaṁ uttari abhāvitaṁ tatrūpapattiyā saṁvattati.
They settle on that thought, stabilize it, and develop it. As they’ve settled for less and not developed further, their thought leads to rebirth there.
Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi no dussīlassa;
But I say that this is only for those of ethical conduct, not for the unethical.
Ijjhatāvuso, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi vītarāgattā.
The heart’s wish of an ethical person succeeds because of their freedom from desire.
khattiyaparisā, brāhmaṇaparisā, gahapatiparisā, samaṇaparisā, cātumahārājikaparisā, tāvatiṁsaparisā, māraparisā, brahmaparisā.
the assemblies of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics. An assembly of the gods of the four great kings. An assembly of the gods of the thirty-three. An assembly of Māras. An assembly of divinities.
lābho ca, alābho ca, yaso ca, ayaso ca, nindā ca, pasaṁsā ca, sukhañca, dukkhañca.
gain and loss, fame and disgrace, blame and praise, pleasure and pain.
Ajjhattaṁ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṁsaññī hoti.
Perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limited, both pretty and ugly. Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’
Ajjhattaṁ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti—
Perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limitless, both pretty and ugly. Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’
evaṁsaññī hoti.
Ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṁsaññī hoti.
Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limited, both pretty and ugly. Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’
Ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṁsaññī hoti.
Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limitless, both pretty and ugly. Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’
Ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni.
Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are blue, with blue color and blue appearance.
Seyyathāpi nāma umāpupphaṁ nīlaṁ nīlavaṇṇaṁ nīlanidassanaṁ nīlanibhāsaṁ, seyyathā vā pana taṁ vatthaṁ bārāṇaseyyakaṁ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṁ nīlaṁ nīlavaṇṇaṁ nīlanidassanaṁ nīlanibhāsaṁ;
They’re like a flax flower that’s blue, with blue color and blue appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, blue, with blue color and blue appearance.
evameva ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṁsaññī hoti.
Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’
Ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni.
Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance.
Seyyathāpi nāma kaṇikārapupphaṁ pītaṁ pītavaṇṇaṁ pītanidassanaṁ pītanibhāsaṁ, seyyathā vā pana taṁ vatthaṁ bārāṇaseyyakaṁ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṁ pītaṁ pītavaṇṇaṁ pītanidassanaṁ pītanibhāsaṁ;
They’re like a champak flower that’s yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance.
evameva ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṁsaññī hoti.
Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’
Ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni.
Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are red, with red color and red appearance.
Seyyathāpi nāma bandhujīvakapupphaṁ lohitakaṁ lohitakavaṇṇaṁ lohitakanidassanaṁ lohitakanibhāsaṁ, seyyathā vā pana taṁ vatthaṁ bārāṇaseyyakaṁ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṁ lohitakaṁ lohitakavaṇṇaṁ lohitakanidassanaṁ lohitakanibhāsaṁ;
They’re like a scarlet mallow flower that’s red, with red color and red appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, red, with red color and red appearance.
evameva ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṁsaññī hoti.
Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’
Ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni.
Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are white, with white color and white appearance.
Seyyathāpi nāma osadhitārakā odātā odātavaṇṇā odātanidassanā odātanibhāsā, seyyathā vā pana taṁ vatthaṁ bārāṇaseyyakaṁ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṁ odātaṁ odātavaṇṇaṁ odātanidassanaṁ odātanibhāsaṁ;
They’re like the morning star that’s white, with white color and white appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, white, with white color and white appearance.
evameva ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṁsaññī hoti.
Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’
Ajjhattaṁ arūpasaññī bahiddhā rūpāni passati.
Not perceiving physical form internally, they see forms externally.
Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṁ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṁ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṁ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite space.
Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘anantaṁ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite consciousness.
Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, they enter and remain in the dimension of nothingness.
Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of nothingness, they enter and remain in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.
Sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṁ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, they enter and remain in the cessation of perception and feeling.
Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena aṭṭha dhammā sammadakkhātā;
These are the teachings grouped by eight that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena nava dhammā sammadakkhātā;
There are teachings grouped by nine that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
‘Anatthaṁ me acarī’ti āghātaṁ bandhati;
Thinking: ‘They did wrong to me,’ you harbor resentment.
‘piyassa me manāpassa anatthaṁ acarī’ti āghātaṁ bandhati …pe…
‘They did wrong by someone I love’ …
‘appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṁ acarī’ti āghātaṁ bandhati …pe…
‘They helped someone I dislike’ …
atthaṁ carissatīti āghātaṁ bandhati.
Thinking: ‘They will help someone I dislike,’ you harbor resentment.
‘Anatthaṁ me acari, taṁ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṁ paṭivineti;
Thinking: ‘They did wrong to me, but what can I possibly do?’ you get rid of resentment.
‘anatthaṁ me carati, taṁ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṁ paṭivineti;
Thinking: ‘They are doing wrong to me …’ …
‘anatthaṁ me carissati, taṁ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṁ paṭivineti;
‘They will do wrong to me …’ …
anatthaṁ carissati, taṁ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṁ paṭivineti;
‘They will do wrong by someone I love …’ …
atthaṁ carissati, taṁ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṁ paṭivineti.
Thinking: ‘They will help someone I dislike, but what can I possibly do?’ you get rid of resentment.
Santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā.
There are sentient beings that are diverse in body and diverse in perception, such as human beings, some gods, and some beings in the underworld.
Santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā paṭhamābhinibbattā.
There are sentient beings that are diverse in body and unified in perception, such as the gods reborn in the Divinity’s host through the first absorption.
Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā.
There are sentient beings that are unified in body and diverse in perception, such as the gods of streaming radiance.
Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā subhakiṇhā.
There are sentient beings that are unified in body and unified in perception, such as the gods of universal beauty.
Santāvuso, sattā asaññino appaṭisaṁvedino, seyyathāpi devā asaññasattā.
There are sentient beings that are non-percipient and do not experience anything, such as the gods who are non-percipient beings.
Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso rūpasaññānaṁ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṁ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṁ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanūpagā.
There are sentient beings that have gone totally beyond perceptions of form. With the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, they have been reborn in the dimension of infinite space.
Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘anantaṁ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanūpagā.
There are sentient beings that have gone totally beyond the dimension of infinite space. Aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, they have been reborn in the dimension of infinite consciousness.
Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanūpagā.
There are sentient beings that have gone totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness. Aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, they have been reborn in the dimension of nothingness.
Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanūpagā.
There are sentient beings that have gone totally beyond the dimension of nothingness. They have been reborn in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.
Nava akkhaṇā asamayā brahmacariyavāsāya.
<em>Nine lost opportunities for spiritual practice:</em>
Idhāvuso, tathāgato ca loke uppanno hoti arahaṁ sammāsambuddho, dhammo ca desiyati opasamiko parinibbāniko sambodhagāmī sugatappavedito.
Firstly, a Realized One has arisen in the world. He teaches the Dhamma leading to peace, extinguishment, awakening, as proclaimed by the Holy One.
Ayaṁ paṭhamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
This is the first lost opportunity for spiritual practice.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, tathāgato ca loke uppanno hoti arahaṁ sammāsambuddho, dhammo ca desiyati opasamiko parinibbāniko sambodhagāmī sugatappavedito.
Furthermore, a Realized One has arisen in the world.
Ayañca puggalo tiracchānayoniṁ upapanno hoti.
But that individual has been reborn in the animal realm.
Ayaṁ dutiyo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
This is the second lost opportunity for spiritual practice.
Ayaṁ tatiyo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
This is the third lost opportunity for spiritual practice.
Ayaṁ catuttho akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
This is the fourth lost opportunity for spiritual practice.
aññataraṁ dīghāyukaṁ devanikāyaṁ upapanno hoti.
But that individual has been reborn in one of the long-lived orders of gods.
Ayaṁ pañcamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
This is the fifth lost opportunity for spiritual practice.
paccantimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti milakkhesu aviññātāresu, yattha natthi gati bhikkhūnaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ upāsakānaṁ upāsikānaṁ.
But that individual has been reborn in the borderlands, among uneducated foreigners, where monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen do not go.
Ayaṁ chaṭṭho akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
This is the sixth lost opportunity for spiritual practice.
majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti. So ca hoti micchādiṭṭhiko viparītadassano:
And an individual is reborn in a central country. But they have wrong view and distorted perspective:
‘natthi dinnaṁ, natthi yiṭṭhaṁ, natthi hutaṁ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṁ kammānaṁ phalaṁ vipāko, natthi ayaṁ loko, natthi paro loko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṁ parañca lokaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti.
‘There’s no meaning in giving, sacrifice, or offerings. There’s no fruit or result of good and bad deeds. There’s no afterlife. There’s no such thing as mother and father, or beings that are reborn spontaneously. And there’s no ascetic or brahmin who is rightly comported and rightly practiced, and who describes the afterlife after realizing it with their own insight.’
Ayaṁ sattamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
This is the seventh lost opportunity for spiritual practice.
majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti. So ca hoti duppañño jaḷo eḷamūgo, nappaṭibalo subhāsitadubbhāsitānamatthamaññātuṁ.
And an individual is reborn in a central country. But they’re witless, dull, idiotic, and unable to distinguish what is well said from what is poorly said.
Ayaṁ aṭṭhamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
This is the eighth lost opportunity for spiritual practice.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, tathāgato ca loke na uppanno hoti arahaṁ sammāsambuddho,
Furthermore, no Realized One has arisen in the world,
dhammo ca na desiyati opasamiko parinibbāniko sambodhagāmī sugatappavedito. Ayañca puggalo majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti, so ca hoti paññavā ajaḷo aneḷamūgo, paṭibalo subhāsitadubbhāsitānamatthamaññātuṁ.
so there is no teaching of the Dhamma leading to peace, extinguishment, awakening, as proclaimed by the Holy One. But an individual is reborn in a central country. And they’re wise, bright, clever, and able to distinguish what is well said from what is poorly said.
Ayaṁ navamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
This is the ninth lost opportunity for spiritual practice.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
A mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.
Vitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā …pe… dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
As the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, they enter and remain in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected.
Pītiyā ca virāgā …pe… tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
And with the fading away of rapture, they enter and remain in the third absorption, where they meditate with equanimity, mindful and aware, personally experiencing the bliss of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and mindful, one meditates in bliss.’
Sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
With the giving up of pleasure and pain and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, they enter and remain in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness.
Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṁ samatikkamā …pe… ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite space.
Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘anantaṁ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite consciousness.
Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, they enter and remain in the dimension of nothingness.
Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of nothingness, they enter and remain in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.
Sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṁ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṁ upasampajja viharati.
Going totally beyond the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, they enter and remain in the cessation of perception and feeling.
Paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ samāpannassa kāmasaññā niruddhā hoti.
For someone who has attained the first absorption, sensual perceptions have ceased.
Dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ samāpannassa vitakkavicārā niruddhā honti.
For someone who has attained the second absorption, the placing of the mind and keeping it connected have ceased.
Tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ samāpannassa pīti niruddhā hoti.
For someone who has attained the third absorption, rapture has ceased.
Catutthaṁ jhānaṁ samāpannassa assāsapassāssā niruddhā honti.
For someone who has attained the fourth absorption, breathing has ceased.
Ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ samāpannassa rūpasaññā niruddhā hoti.
For someone who has attained the dimension of infinite space, the perception of form has ceased.
Viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ samāpannassa ākāsānañcāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti.
For someone who has attained the dimension of infinite consciousness, the perception of the dimension of infinite space has ceased.
Ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ samāpannassa viññāṇañcāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti.
For someone who has attained the dimension of nothingness, the perception of the dimension of infinite consciousness has ceased.
Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṁ samāpannassa ākiñcaññāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti.
For someone who has attained the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, the perception of the dimension of nothingness has ceased.
Saññāvedayitanirodhaṁ samāpannassa saññā ca vedanā ca niruddhā honti.
For someone who has attained the cessation of perception and feeling, perception and feeling have ceased.
Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena nava dhammā sammadakkhātā.
These are the teachings grouped by nine that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dasa dhammā sammadakkhātā.
There are teachings grouped by ten that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ …pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.
You should all recite these in concert.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti. Pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.
Firstly, a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and resorting for alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati, ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthā sabyañjanā kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā.
Furthermore, a mendicant is very learned, remembering and keeping what they’ve learned. These teachings are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased, describing a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. They are very learned in such teachings, remembering them, rehearsing them, mentally scrutinizing them, and penetrating them theoretically.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti …pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko.
Furthermore, a mendicant has good friends, companions, and associates.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu suvaco hoti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṁ.
Furthermore, a mendicant is easy to admonish, having qualities that make them easy to admonish. They’re patient, and take instruction respectfully.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu suvaco hoti …pe… padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṁ.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṁ uccāvacāni kiṅkaraṇīyāni, tattha dakkho hoti analaso tatrupāyāya vīmaṁsāya samannāgato, alaṁ kātuṁ alaṁ saṁvidhātuṁ.
Furthermore, a mendicant is deft and tireless in a diverse spectrum of duties for their spiritual companions, understanding how to go about things in order to complete and organize the work.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṁ …pe… alaṁ saṁvidhātuṁ.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro, abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo.
Furthermore, a mendicant loves the teachings and is a delight to converse with, being full of joy in the teaching and training.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti …pe… uḷārapāmojjo.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarehi cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi.
Furthermore, a mendicant is content with any kind of robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti …pe… parikkhārehi.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu.
Furthermore, a mendicant lives with energy roused up for giving up unskillful qualities and embracing skillful qualities. They are strong, staunchly vigorous, not slacking off when it comes to developing skillful qualities.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati …pe… anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu satimā hoti paramena satinepakkena samannāgato cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā.
Furthermore, a mendicant is mindful. They have utmost mindfulness and alertness, and can remember and recall what was said and done long ago.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu satimā hoti …pe… saritā anussaritā.
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu paññavā hoti, udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammādukkhakkhayagāminiyā.
Furthermore, a mendicant is wise. They have the wisdom of arising and passing away which is noble, penetrative, and leads to the complete ending of suffering.
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu paññavā hoti …pe… sammādukkhakkhayagāminiyā.
Pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānāti, uddhaṁ adho tiriyaṁ advayaṁ appamāṇaṁ.
Someone perceives the meditation on universal earth above, below, across, undivided and limitless.
viññāṇakasiṇameko sañjānāti, uddhaṁ adho tiriyaṁ advayaṁ appamāṇaṁ.
They perceive the meditation on universal consciousness above, below, across, undivided and limitless.
pāṇātipāto, adinnādānaṁ, kāmesumicchācāro, musāvādo, pisuṇā vācā, pharusā vācā, samphappalāpo, abhijjhā, byāpādo, micchādiṭṭhi.
killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct; speech that’s false, backbiting, harsh, or nonsensical; covetousness, ill will, and wrong view.
pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī, musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī, anabhijjhā, abyāpādo, sammādiṭṭhi.
refraining from killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct; refraining from speech that’s false, backbiting, harsh, or nonsensical; contentment, good will, and right view.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti, chaḷaṅgasamannāgato, ekārakkho, caturāpasseno, paṇunnapaccekasacco, samavayasaṭṭhesano, anāvilasaṅkappo, passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro, suvimuttacitto, suvimuttapañño.
A mendicant has given up five factors, possesses six factors, has a single guard, has four supports, has cast aside idiosyncratic interpretations of the truth, has totally given up searching, has unsullied intentions, has stilled the physical process, and is well freed in mind and well freed by wisdom.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thinamiddhaṁ pahīnaṁ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṁ pahīnaṁ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti.
It’s when a mendicant has given up sensual desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and remorse, and doubt.
Evaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti.
That’s how a mendicant has given up five factors.
Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti?
And how does a mendicant possess six factors?
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno.
A mendicant, seeing a sight with their eyes, is neither happy nor sad. They remain equanimous, mindful and aware.
Sotena saddaṁ sutvā …pe…
Hearing a sound with their ears … Smelling an odor with their nose … Tasting a flavor with their tongue … Feeling a touch with their body …
manasā dhammaṁ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno.
Knowing an idea with their mind, they’re neither happy nor sad. They remain equanimous, mindful and aware.
Evaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti.
That’s how a mendicant possesses six factors.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satārakkhena cetasā samannāgato hoti.
It’s when a mendicant’s heart is guarded by mindfulness.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu saṅkhāyekaṁ paṭisevati, saṅkhāyekaṁ adhivāseti, saṅkhāyekaṁ parivajjeti, saṅkhāyekaṁ vinodeti.
After appraisal, a mendicant uses some things, endures some things, avoids some things, and gets rid of some things.
Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti?
And how has a mendicant cast aside idiosyncratic interpretations of the truth?
Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno yāni tāni puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇānaṁ puthupaccekasaccāni, sabbāni tāni nunnāni honti paṇunnāni cattāni vantāni muttāni pahīnāni paṭinissaṭṭhāni.
Different ascetics and brahmins have different idiosyncratic interpretations of the truth. A mendicant has cast out, cast aside, thrown out, discarded, let go of, given up, and relinquished all these.
Evaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti.
That’s how a mendicant has cast aside idiosyncratic interpretations of the truth.
Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti?
And how has a mendicant totally given up searching?
Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmesanā pahīnā hoti, bhavesanā pahīnā hoti, brahmacariyesanā paṭippassaddhā.
It’s when they’ve given up searching for sensual pleasures, for continued existence, and for a spiritual path.
Evaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti.
That’s how a mendicant has totally given up searching.
Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappo hoti?
And how does a mendicant have unsullied intentions?
Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, byāpādasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, vihiṁsāsaṅkappo pahīno hoti.
It’s when they’ve given up sensual, malicious, and cruel intentions.
Evaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappo hoti.
That’s how a mendicant has unsullied intentions.
Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti?
And how has a mendicant stilled the physical process?
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṁ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṁ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṁ catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
It’s when, with the giving up of pleasure and pain and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, they enter and remain in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness.
Evaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti.
That’s how a mendicant has stilled the physical process.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno rāgā cittaṁ vimuttaṁ hoti, dosā cittaṁ vimuttaṁ hoti, mohā cittaṁ vimuttaṁ hoti.
It’s when a mendicant’s mind is freed from greed, hate, and delusion.
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘rāgo me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṁ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti.
It’s when a mendicant understands: ‘I’ve given up greed, hate, and delusion, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, obliterated them, so they’re unable to arise in the future.’
‘Doso me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṁ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti.
‘Moho me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṁ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti.
Evaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu suvimuttapañño hoti.
That’s how a mendicant’s mind is well freed by wisdom.
asekkhā sammādiṭṭhi, asekkho sammāsaṅkappo, asekkhā sammāvācā, asekkho sammākammanto, asekkho sammāājīvo, asekkho sammāvāyāmo, asekkhā sammāsati, asekkho sammāsamādhi, asekkhaṁ sammāñāṇaṁ, asekkhā sammāvimutti.
an adept’s right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right immersion, right knowledge, and right freedom.
Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dasa dhammā sammadakkhātā.
Reverends, these are the teachings grouped by ten that have been rightly explained by the Buddha.
Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṁ na vivaditabbaṁ, yathayidaṁ brahmacariyaṁ addhaniyaṁ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṁ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānan”ti.
You should all recite these in concert, without disputing, so that this spiritual path may last for a long time. That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.”
Atha kho bhagavā uṭṭhahitvā āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ āmantesi:
Then the Buddha got up and said to Venerable Sāriputta,
sādhu kho tvaṁ, sāriputta, bhikkhūnaṁ saṅgītipariyāyaṁ abhāsī”ti.
It’s good that you’ve taught this exposition of the reciting in concert.”
Idamavocāyasmā sāriputto, samanuñño satthā ahosi.
That is what Venerable Sāriputta said, and the teacher approved.
Attamanā te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.
Satisfied, the mendicants approved what Sāriputta said.
Saṅgītisuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.