Tripiṭaka Mahāvibhaṅga
The Great Analysis
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Ime kho panāyasmanto cattāro pāṭidesanīyā dhammā uddesaṁ āgacchanti.
Venerables, these four rules on acknowledgment come up for recitation.
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī sāvatthiyaṁ piṇḍāya caritvā paṭikkamanakāle aññataraṁ bhikkhuṁ passitvā etadavoca—
a certain nun was returning from almsround in Sāvatthī. She saw a monk and said to him,
Sā upakaṭṭhe kāle nāsakkhi piṇḍāya carituṁ, chinnabhattā ahosi.
But because the time for eating was coming to an end, she was not able to go for alms, and she missed her meal.
tatiyampi divasaṁ sāvatthiyaṁ piṇḍāya caritvā paṭikkamanakāle taṁ bhikkhuṁ passitvā etadavoca—
and the following day the same thing happened again.
“handāyya, bhikkhaṁ paṭiggaṇhā”ti.
“Suṭṭhu, bhaginī”ti sabbeva aggahesi.
Sā upakaṭṭhe kāle nāsakkhi piṇḍāya carituṁ, chinnabhattā ahosi.
Atha kho sā bhikkhunī catutthe divase rathikāya pavedhentī gacchati.
On the fourth day that nun was walking along a street, trembling.
Seṭṭhi gahapati rathena paṭipathaṁ āgacchanto taṁ bhikkhuniṁ etadavoca—
A wealthy merchant coming by carriage in the opposite direction saw her and shouted out,
Atha kho sā bhikkhunī seṭṭhissa gahapatissa etamatthaṁ ārocesi.
The nun told him what had happened.
Seṭṭhi gahapati taṁ bhikkhuniṁ gharaṁ netvā bhojetvā ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti—
He then brought her to his house and gave her a meal. Afterwards he complained and criticized the monks,
“kathañhi nāma bhadantā bhikkhuniyā hatthato āmisaṁ paṭiggahessanti.
“How can the venerables receive food directly from a nun?
Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tassa seṭṭhissa gahapatissa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa.
The monks heard the complaints of that merchant,
Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
and the monks of few desires complained and criticized that monk,
“kathañhi nāma bhikkhu bhikkhuniyā hatthato āmisaṁ paṭiggahessatī”ti …pe…
“How could a monk receive food directly from a nun?” …
“saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhikkhuniyā hatthato āmisaṁ paṭiggahesī”ti?
“Is it true, monk, that you did this?”
“Aññātako, moghapurisa, aññātikāya na jānāti patirūpaṁ vā appatirūpaṁ vā santaṁ vā asantaṁ vā.
“Foolish man, a man and a woman who are unrelated don’t know what’s appropriate and inappropriate, what’s good and bad, in dealing with each other.
Kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, aññātikāya bhikkhuniyā hatthato āmisaṁ paṭiggahessasi.
So how could you do this?
evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:
“Yo pana bhikkhu aññātikāya bhikkhuniyā antaragharaṁ paviṭṭhāya hatthato khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādeyya vā bhuñjeyya vā, paṭidesetabbaṁ tena bhikkhunā—
‘If a monk receives fresh or cooked food directly from an unrelated nun who has entered an inhabited area, and then eats it, he must acknowledge it:
‘gārayhaṁ, āvuso, dhammaṁ āpajjiṁ asappāyaṁ pāṭidesanīyaṁ, taṁ paṭidesemī’”ti.
“I have done a blameworthy and unsuitable thing that is to be acknowledged. I acknowledge it.”’”
…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.
mātito vā pitito vā yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā asambaddhā.
anyone who is not a descendant of one’s male ancestors going back eight generations, either on the mother’s side or on the father’s side.
pañca bhojanāni yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ ṭhapetvā avasesaṁ khādanīyaṁ nāma.
apart from the five cooked foods, the post-midday tonics, the seven-day tonics, and the lifetime tonics, the rest is called “fresh food”.
pañca bhojanāni—odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṁsaṁ.
there are five kinds of cooked food: cooked grain, porridge, flour products, fish, and meat.
“Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he receives the food with the intention of eating it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense entailing acknowledgment.
Aññātikāya aññātikasaññī antaragharaṁ paviṭṭhāya hatthato khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
If she is unrelated and he perceives her as such, and he receives fresh or cooked food directly from her when she has entered an inhabited area, and then eats it, he commits an offense entailing acknowledgment.
Aññātikāya vematiko antaragharaṁ paviṭṭhāya hatthato khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
If she is unrelated, but he is unsure of it, and he receives fresh or cooked food directly from her when she has entered an inhabited area, and then eats it, he commits an offense entailing acknowledgment.
Aññātikāya ñātikasaññī antaragharaṁ paviṭṭhāya hatthato khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
If she is unrelated, but he perceives her as related, and he receives fresh or cooked food directly from her when she has entered an inhabited area, and then eats it, he commits an offense entailing acknowledgment.
Yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ āhāratthāya paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he receives post-midday tonics, seven-day tonics, or lifetime tonics for the purpose of food, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassa.
For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ekatoupasampannāya hatthato khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā—
If he receives fresh or cooked food, with the intention of eating it, directly from a nun who is fully ordained only on one side,
“khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
he commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassa.
For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ñātikāya aññātikasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If she is related, but he perceives her as unrelated, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ñātikāya vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If she is related, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ñātikāya ñātikasaññī, anāpatti.
If she is related, and he perceives her as such, there is no offense.
yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ “sati paccaye paribhuñjā”ti deti,
if she gives post-midday tonics, seven-day tonics, or lifetime tonics, saying, “Use these when there’s a reason;”
Paṭhamapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The first training rule on acknowledgment is finished.